Chapter 84 Daxing civil engineering to build luxury houses

Heshen had many houses throughout his life, some of which were built by himself, and some were rewarded by the emperor.In December of the 41st year of Qianlong (1776), Heshen's family carried from the Zhenghong Banner to the Zhenghuang Banner and became members of the Upper Three Banners.Not only that, Qianlong also gave Heshen a piece of land by the Shichahai in Deshengmen, allowing him to build another residence, and at the same time rewarded him with Shuchun Garden as a villa.Shuchun Garden is located in today's Peking University and is part of the Summer Palace.He Shen was very concerned about Shuchun Garden, and after several repairs, it became a famous garden in the western suburbs.

Heshen’s old house is in Donkey Meat Hutong near Xisi. It was allocated to Heshen’s family, who still belonged to Zhenghongqi, when meritorious deeds were rewarded in the early Qing Dynasty. Heshen lived with his younger brother Helin until his fortune.Later, Heshen was promoted from imperial bodyguard and Dutong Road to Household Minister, Minister of Military Affairs and Minister of Internal Affairs. It was difficult to live with his younger brother Helin's family. It happened that the emperor gave him a piece of land in Shichahai, so he set out to live here. Build a new house. The layout of the Japanese house is very exquisite, and other houses cannot be compared with it at all, even compared with the mansions of dignitaries and dignitaries, it is not inferior.Prince Qing Yonglin once said: Even if the emperor falls like rain, he can't drip on my top. I just ask my brothers to show mercy and give Heshen's mansion a place to live. I wish.Later, Emperor Jiaqing really fulfilled his wish and gave him half of Heshen's mansion to live in. Yonglin was already weeping with joy, and was so moved that he wept bitterly.

Another residence of Heshen, Shuchun Garden, has a long-standing reputation in history. "Daqing Huidian Case" records: In the 28th year of Qianlong's internal affairs government, the Old Summer Palace was handed over to Shuchun and other gardens outside the gate of the North Building. After Qianlong rewarded Shuchun Garden to Heshen, Heshen changed its name to Shihu The park has been expanded several times.The final scale is huge.In the garden, there are mountains and rivers, and there is a lake (namely the unnamed lake of Peking University), in which there are small islands (the island in the middle of the lake), and the stone boats, which are still intact in today’s Peking University. The environment is quiet and beautiful, and some people once praised it : A diameter of four mountains, Shangxiang old garden pavilion, two or three miles around the garden, who is the greenest tobacco.In the past, the pile of flowers was beautiful, but today there is a fire in the shrine (there is a temple of flowers in the garden), and the confession is paid to the gardener.With a flick of the finger in the green field (the Green Field Pavilion also exists), the guests have been drifting away for a long time.Under the broken wall is a Qi Pavilion, a cloud screen, and the Zhu Tower is half disassembled.Whoever makes a flute for a flat boat (the garden is for the fishermen's benefit, so there are those who can row the flute on the boat), and after more than 30 years of fighting, the dream will always wake up.Enlightenment of the human world, the fisherman's singing ensemble.

In addition, Bin Liang, a cabinet attendant, wrote in "Traveling the Past and Feelings in the Garden": "The dust on the copper shop is invaded by the moss, and the horses in the deserted garden are full of emotion."He loves to store the famous flower song Yushu, and he once moved strange stones and other gold (I heard that there is a Taihu stone in the garden, which was transported by a thousand gold).The colorful pavilions are in the middle of the ban, and the magnificent towers are designed to be in the forest (the pavilions in the garden are all built on the scale of the Old Summer Palace), which is better than the beautiful Pupai in the wasteland, and the smoke and green are far away from the sun.It can be seen that for the sake of the courtyard, Heshen was extremely extravagant, and spared no expense to transport Taihu stones from thousands of miles away to the garden.

Decades later, Prince Chunxian, the biological father of Emperor Guangxu, wrote a few poems after visiting Shuchun Garden.Among them, "Youshu after the Mid-Autumn Festival (that is, the homonym of Shuzhi) Spring Garden Four Laws" writes: It was the garden that returned to Heshen during the reign of Emperor Qianlong, and became an official after his registration was lost.It is rumored that the work of the Forbidden Garden is based on here, which proves the extravagance of the pavilions.Later, it was transformed into Ruidi Garden Apartment. Although there are only buildings left, the beauty of the landscape is solid and self-contained.Yu Garden is close to each other and has never been visited.After Xi Geng applied for the change, it became barren.Qidang hurriedly involved.Often disturbed by vulgarity, I have not been able to chant calmly.The envoy who is here on a mission will continue his old tour and compose four chapters of poems by chasing things.Two of them are as follows:

Returning to the wind and waiting for the moon building Xiangye loses to Lin Yong, climbs up to regret the year, high-rise buildings mourn for cranes, lonely mounds cry cuckoos; If you only want to indulge in the wind and moon, He Youzi compiled a compendium; stone boat I can't tell the difference, the ashes of Xuan Ying's robbery; it turned out to be a sea fill, not a Jichuan material; The Wei River once destroyed the hub, and the Yan Ling was still fishing on the platform; as soon as the water flowed, the words of the crocodile moved the Artemisia. From the poem, we can still appreciate the luxury of Heshen's house.

In addition to the two well-known mansions by the Shichahai and Shuchun Garden in Haidian, Heshen also has many residences in the capital.For the convenience of the early court, Heshen built a temporary residence in the Hutong of Accounting Department West, Beichangjie Road, for the early court. In addition, in order to keep abreast of Qianlong's living habits, Heshen could serve Qianlong at any time and maintain a close relationship with Qianlong. Heshen lived wherever Qianlong went.Therefore, there are Heshen residences in the Summer Resort, Panshan and other places.In the fifty-eighth year of Qianlong (1793), He Shen received the British special envoy Macartney in his own courtyard in Rehe Mountain Resort.After Heshen's death, Princess Hexiao and Fengshen Yinde inherited part of this house, and Prince Cheng Yongxuan also got a part.

Heshen lived a luxurious life before his death. In order to maintain such a life after death, he started to build his own mausoleum early. After many investigations, Heshen selected a cemetery in Jizhou. After several years of construction, he gradually built a large-scale tomb. Heling.The tomb is very grand, according to historical records: its outer wall is 200 feet long, and the inner wall is 130 feet long!Inside, there is an ancient gate tower, two stone gates, and a tunnel. There are five main rooms, which are called Xiangdian; The oil-flying gold color painting, the door is covered with gold nails, the beams are colorful, and there is a golden dragon in the painting.It's a pity that Heshen didn't enjoy the Heling later, and Jiaqing forcibly demolished it on the grounds that the Heling exceeded the system and was higher in specification than the imperial tomb.After Heshen died, his eldest son, Fengshen Yinde, buried him hastily in Liuzhuang.He spent a lot of effort to build the mausoleum, but he didn't enjoy it in the end. I'm afraid it was unexpected, right?