Chapter 4 Chapter 2 The Beginning of Political Life

In the twenty-sixth year of Jiajing, Juzheng became a good scholar, and since then he has embarked on the road of political life.At this time, the political power was in Sejong's hands.Sejong was a wise monarch. When he was sixteen years old, he was only King Xing. After Wu Zong died, he was called to be the heir.He entered Beijing from Anluxing Palace.When he arrived outside the city, the Minister of Rites asked him to use the Crown Prince's Enthronement Ceremony, but Shizong immediately refused, insisting that the edict was only for the heir to the emperor, not the heir to the prince.For a sixteen-year-old youth to be so resolute is indeed an act of a hero.After ascending the throne, there were many disputes with the ministers in order to honor his father King Xingxian, but in general, we have to admit that it is reasonable for Sejong to call King Xingxian the Emperor Kao and his uncle Xiaozong the Emperor Bo Kao. .In addition, there are many rituals and entertainments, which may not be of great interest to us in modern times, but if Confucius is abolished the honorary title of King Wenxuan, only called the first teacher, and the statues are removed, only the wooden master is installed. After all, it is an act of enlightenment.

However, in the twenty-sixth year of Jiajing, Sejong was already old.He is only forty-one years old, but the emperor's age is different from that of ordinary people.The lofty position made his life lose the temptation to make progress, so he began to feel bored, and from boredom he felt aging.Since the eighteenth year of Jiajing, Shizong has ignored the court; twenty years later, he has been in the Longevity Palace in Xiyuan, not even going inside the palace.All government affairs are lost in the midst of conformity and decadence.From the second year of Jiajing, Sejong began to practice sacrifices in the palace, and he has been doing sacrifices every day since then.At that time, there was a difference between the former dynasty and the later dynasty. The chapters of the officials of the former dynasty were for Emperor Sejong; leader.But Sejong is still in control of the whole politics, and will not relax one step.He is a tiger and leopard in the cave. When he is angry, he will jump out of the cave and kill some roe cats, deer and rabbits. When he gets tired of beating, he will return to the cave and live a luxurious and lazy life.Twenty-six years later, Shizong killed Xia Yan, Zeng Mi, Ding Rukui, Yang Xuan, Yang Shouqian, Wang Yan, and even Yang Jisheng and Yan Shifan, all with the same psychological effect.However, Sejong was tired and old after all, and the entire regime slowly fell from his hands. Yan Song, Yan Shifan and his son took advantage of this to steal the monarchy and became prominent for a while.But the big handle was still in Shizong's hands. When he woke up from the fasting ceremony, Yan Song was ordered to return home, and Yan Shifan's head was in a different place.If this was the political track at that time, then the year when Juzheng became an official, the politics of the Ming Dynasty were on this track.

Since the founding of the Ming Dynasty, the pivot of politics was all in the cabinet.This is an organization similar to, but completely different from, the cabinet of a modern capitalist country.The modern Western cabinet is a product of parliamentary politics; its power is quite large, and sometimes it even becomes the ruler of the country, and is not subject to any restrictions except occasional sanction by the parliament; More than seven, sometimes as many as 20 or 30 people; all the cabinet members are not from one political party, but from several political parties with not very different political views; The leadership of the cabinet cannot be denied by any member of the cabinet.The cabinet of the Ming Dynasty was completely different.The entire cabinet is only the emperor's secretary office, and the cabinet scholars are only the emperor's secretary: the power of the cabinet is sometimes very small, and even when it is quite large, it is still restricted by the monarchy; After being expelled, he must leave Beijing on the same day and is not allowed to stay for a while; sometimes there are as many as eight members in the cabinet, but usually there are only four or five, and sometimes only one; It does not come from any political party, so the opinions in the cabinet are often different, and occasionally there are like-minded colleagues who agree with each other. This is just mutual assistance, not coordination of political opinions; The leader system, this is the so-called Shoufu, the modern term is called the Secretary Director, all the imperial edicts of the emperor are drafted by the Shoufu alone, which is called the draft; when the Shoufu is writing, the rest can only stand by , there is no room for discretion, even if there is a time to write for him, it is inevitable to go through the deletion of the first assistant; If you are a bachelor, you can only retire as the second assistant; the division of power between the first assistant and the second assistant is not expressly stipulated, but only a habit, so the first assistant and the rest of the cabinet members will often have constant struggles; political waves will always occur in the cabinet In the meantime, the second assistant wanted to attack the first assistant because he coveted the power of the first assistant. The first assistant also wanted to expel the second assistant because he felt threatened by the first assistant; and because the cabinet members are more or less trusted by the emperor, the first step in the struggle is to destroy the emperor's trust in him, so that he will be reprimanded or lowered. There are slander, slander, and even murderous intentions lurking.Such political battles are always full of blood, and when Juzheng is participating in politics, blood is rippling in the cabinet.

In the twenty-sixth year of Jiajing, Xia Yan and Yan Song were the only cabinet scholars.Twenty-three years later, Yan Song served as the chief assistant for more than a year, but because Xia Yan was used in September of the twenty-fourth year. auxiliary.Xia Yan is from Guixi, and Yan Song is very pleasant. Although they are both from Jiangxi, they belong to two categories.Xia Yan is blindly high-pitched, while Yan Song is blindly soft.Xia Yan sometimes even rebelled against Sejong.When Sejong was offering sacrifices to the sky, he wore a fragrant-leaf crown himself. When he was happy, he made several fragrant-leaf crowns and distributed them to the ministers.The next day Yan Song put on a light gauze wrapped in a crown of fragrant leaves, and put it tremblingly into Xiyuan.Xia Yan didn't wear it. When Shizong asked, he only said that the ministers turned to the emperor and didn't need Taoist clothes.When they were in the cabinet together, once Yan Song knelt down in front of the emperor, tears fell like rain, and said that Xia Yan bullied him. Sejong remembered his long-cherished hatred and dismissed Xia Yan. This was the first time Xia Yan was dismissed from office.From then on, it was Yan Song's exclusive power; corruption and indulgence became the political atmosphere, so Shizong thought of reusing Xia Yan.After Xia Yan re-entered the cabinet, the two of them still performed their previous style.When Shizong sent the eunuchs to their home, Xia Yan just sat down and treated them as slaves; Yan Song pulled the eunuchs to sit side by side, asking long and short questions, and when the eunuchs left, he asked them more. It's cash stuffed up their sleeves.Shizong had to write a letter to the Jade Emperor, because it was written on blue paper, which was called Qingci at that time, so he ordered Xia Yan and Yan Song to draw it up. , completely poured into the green words.This is the second time Xia Yan and Yan Song fought in the cabinet, but this time Xia Yan's failure was outside the cabinet.

From the founding of the Ming Dynasty to the Middle Ages of Shenzong, the border troubles of the country were only from the north.The descendants of the Yuan Dynasty were all in the north. When they were scattered, they did not pose much of a problem to the country; but once united, they would often pose a serious threat to the country.At first, the Tatar knights did not enter the river, so the west side of the country was relatively quiet.In the sixth year of Emperor Yingzong's Tianshun, the Tatars began to invade Hetao, and later they gradually regarded it as their support. They attacked from Hetao from time to time, and the west of the country felt uneasy.In the tenth year of Emperor Xiaozong's Hongzhi reign, he set up a general administration of military affairs on the three sides of Shaanxi. The so-called three sides refer to the three sides of Gansu, Yansui, and Ningxia in Shaanxi Province.Wang Yue, the first head of the trilateral system, once advocated a search of Hetao with an army of 150,000, but it failed.In the third year of Wuzong Zhengde's three-year administration, Yang Yiqing advocated retaking Hetao. He said: "I want to regain Dongsheng, because the river is solid, connect Datong to the east, and Ningxia to the west, so that the thousands of miles of Hetao will be owned by me for farming and animal husbandry, and hundreds of farms will be opened up." Li, if transported within the province, Shaanxi can still rest on its shoulders.But Yang Yiqing's plan was not implemented.During the Jiajing period, the auspicious pockets occupying Hetao became even more rampant.The Hetao is unclear, and there will never be a peaceful day on the three sides.After Xia Yan came to power, in the summer of 25 years, Zeng Mian was used as governor (in the 19th year of Jiajing, the system was changed to governor.) Shaanxi trilateral military affairs.Zeng Mi, a native of Jiangdu, was born in a magnificent place, but he was full of enthusiasm for serving the country.Not long after he took office, more than 100,000 bandits rushed into the side wall and plundered Yan'an and Qingyang. Urgent now.But Zeng Mi decided that the most practical way was to drive the Tatars out of Hetao.He said:

Thieves occupied Hetao and harassed the border generals for a hundred years. Xiaozong wanted to recover but could not, Wuzong wanted to conquer but failed, so Ji Nang was occupied as a nest, and when they came out, they invaded and declared the three passes to shake Jifu, and when they entered, they invaded Yan, Ning and Gan , solid, to disturb the pass, deep mountains and rivers, the enemy is not in our power.None of the ministers who feuded the frontier took recovery as their majesty's words.Gai Jun is busy with important tasks, but there are minor setbacks, and the evildoers follow, the tripod is sawed by knives, and his face is stern.The minister is not aware of the danger of the war, but rests on the Gohan horse, gnashing his teeth and grieving for a long time.Taste the plan: Autumn is tall, horses are fat, bows and arrows are strong, they gather and attack, I disperse and defend, then the other wins; winter is deep and water is dry, horses have no places to sit, spring is cold and rainy, the soil is not dry, the other's power is getting weaker, we Take advantage of its disadvantages, and China will win.I ask you to use 60,000 sharp soldiers and 2,000 gunmen from Shandong. At the turn of spring and summer, you will bring fifty days' salary, pay by land and water, and go straight to their nests.This once-and-for-all strategy depends on the community of all ages.

This was the plan that had been planned in the autumn of the 25th year of Jiajing.He advocated building the side wall while recovering the Hetao. He also said: The husband and the minister proposed to build the border, and they also discussed the restoration of the border. The country has a long-term plan, and only His Majesty can make it.Shizong submitted Zeng Mi's memorial to the Ministry of War for discussion.After a certain period of time, Chen Jing, Minister of the Ministry of War, discussed the refusal, and believed that building borders and resetting were not easy, and comparing them, resetting was even more difficult.He said: If you want to lead tens of thousands of people, with 50 days of food, go deep into the dangerous and difficult areas, so as to drive away the soldiers who have been divided for decades, it is not easy.This is prudence, but in prudence, only conformity is seen.Shizong issued an edict to reprimand the Ministry of War, and at the same time encouraged Zeng Mi to say: "The invaders have occupied Hetao, and they have suffered for China for a long time. The passes have been poisoned every year. I will miss it all night long, and the frontier ministers have no one to worry about."In the future, it is very strong to advocate the strategy of re-enactment. It has been a long time since our soldiers resumed, and there has been no definite opinion. Why?His order was more carefully discussed with the ministers of the various borders, so as to make a long-term calculation.If the border is thousands of miles away in a desert, which is different from Xuanda, but it will be difficult to build, the Ministry of War will issue 300,000 taels of silver and later, let him repair the border, pay for soldiers and build weapons, and dispatch them cheaply for next year's defense plan.This edict was drafted by Xia Yan.

Xia Yan's father-in-law, Su Gang, was also from Jiangdu, so he was often at Xia Yan's place, praising Zeng Mi, the chief assistant and the frontier officials as one heart, and they wanted to make great achievements in a thousand years.In May of the twenty-sixth year of Jiajing, two months after Zhang Juzheng became a Jinshi, Zeng Mi launched a war in Shaanxi again. This was just a small contact, and everything was being prepared extensively.In November, Zeng Mi, together with the governors of Shaanxi, Yansui, Ningxia, and the three sides, decided to recover Hetao.Shizong still said that since Qing and others had made detailed decisions, they would join hands with many officials to express their loyalty and seek clarification.Xia Yan and Zeng Mi are both ready to make meritorious service.

But the storm came.Yan Song hated Xia Yan, and was waiting for an opportunity. Suddenly, one day, Emperor Shizong issued an order to his assistant minister: "Is the teacher famous today?"Soldiers have more than enough fruit, is success inevitable?What's the point of saying after a while, what about the poisoning of the living people?This is hesitation, and behind hesitation is wavering.The opportunity finally came.Yan Song would not let go of the opportunity, and he immediately said that the Hetao must never be restored.Xia Yan asked Yan Song why he didn't say earlier, if there is any objection, he shouldn't be late.In Xia Yan's domineering habits, this is a common occurrence.But Sejong's personality is stronger than Xia Yan's, so the confrontation between Xia Yan and Yan Song mutated into the confrontation between Sejong and Xia Yan.Yan Song then went to the Shu and thought that Zeng Mian opened the frontier to start a quarrel, which harmed the country's plans; Xia's words were the same, confusing state affairs.There is no limit to the emperor's rage.In the first month of the twenty-seventh year, Xia Yan was dismissed from office. On the one hand, he arrested Zeng Mian and went to Beijing.In the end, Zeng Mi abandoned the market on the charge of being a close servant, while Xia Yan, because of Su Gang's relationship with Zeng Mi's fellow villager, was falsely accused of being an intermediary between Su Gang and accepting bribes from Zeng Mi, and he also abandoned the market in October.Since then, Hetao has been ravaged by Tatar knights forever, but it has buried a cabinet scholar and a governor of Shaanxi Trilateral Military Affairs.Yan Songfu was the head and assistant, and then maintained the regime for fifteen years under the situation of half Qing Dynasty guest and half power minister.

The Imperial Academy in the Ming Dynasty was the result of political evolution and had a major impact on the entire politics.The new Jinshi of the Hanlin Academy does not take any responsibility for practical politics, but gives themselves sufficient self-cultivation in the leisurely years.Most of the people here are studying poetry and prose, but there are also some people who are studying the history of the dynasty and the country there.Literary talents and political talents are all cultivated in the Imperial Academy.If we give a correct appraisal to the literature of the Ming Dynasty, we have to recognize the achievements of the Imperial Academy. With the existence of Yu Nian, we cannot but sympathize with the Imperial Academy of the Ming Dynasty.When Zhang Juzheng entered the Imperial Academy, most of the Jinshi were discussing how to write articles in the Western Han Dynasty and poems in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, but Juzheng's attention was focused on practicality.With Ju Zheng's gaze, he seemed to have seen the future twenty years in the distance.

In the struggle between Xia Yan and Yan Song, a new Jinshi has no status, and when Ju Zheng had a little understanding of the current situation at that time, Xia Yan had already failed.What is the relationship between Juzheng and Yan Song? We don't have a firm grasp of the relationship between them. However, the Grand Scholars of the Cabinet are the chiefs of the Hanlin Academy. Tongguan, in fact, Juzheng and Yan Song will not have a relationship.In the anthology "Ode to the Boundless Life", "Ode to Longevity", and in the memorial "Xie Xie Yu Yu Zhi Fu Chen He Xue Yin Shu", this kind of articles were of course written on behalf of Yan Song, there is no doubt; After Yan Song's failure, the magistrate of Fenyi County managed the funeral for him. Juzheng told him: "I heard that the old Prime Minister Yan Gong has been buried, and the virtue of the public is as good as the dry bones. If you know it after death, how can you repay it?" (Book 1 "And Fen Yi Yin"), it can be seen that Ju Zheng and Yan Song have considerable feelings.In the constant political struggle, Ju Zai pondered over there: he knew how to protect himself in what kind of environment.He also knows how to progress slowly and slowly while studying.Like a snail, he is extending his tentacles left or right, looking for political support. When Ji Nang occupied Hetao and led the Tatar knights to attack Shaanxi at any time, his brother Alta was also constantly attacking in the north and northeast.In August of the twenty-seventh year of Jiajing, Ida invaded Datong, and in September Xuanfu, and went deep into Yongning and Huailai.At this time, Xia Yan and Zeng Mijiu had resigned. Yan Song pointed out in front of Shizong that Al Da's attack was entirely the result of Xia Yan and Zeng Mi's plan to regain Hetao, and gave Shizong a new stimulus.The subsequent killing of the two men was decided in September.In February of the twenty-eighth year, Ida invaded on a large scale, entered Datong, and reached Huailai.Chief Soldier Zhou Shangwen led tens of thousands of troops to fight Alta; Xuanda Governor Weng Wanda also attacked the enemy and killed fifty-five Tatar knights: a victory that has not been seen in decades! In the twenty-sixth year of Jiajing, Juzheng taught Shu Jishi.In name, Shujishi is just a kind of official who studies. It is called Guanxuan in the Hanlin Academy. After three years, it is called Sanguan.Therefore, the twenty-eight-year residence was edited by the Imperial Academy, and it is still a clear title, with no actual government affairs.In this year, he wrote "On Current Affairs" (Zou 12), which first refers to the fifth disease of bloat and impotence, followed by the first disease of stagnation of blood and qi.He said: The greatest ones are the arrogance of the clan, the arrogance of the common officials, the obedience of officials, the unrepaired frontier preparations, the great loss of wealth, and the others are the burden of sages. The author also. I heard that today's clans, ancient princes and kings, what they like and respect are all the common people's observations, and the changes of customs are tied to them.I saw the precepts of the ancestors, and saw that the reason why the imperial court treated the clan was that they were very courteous and guarded closely.Today, one or two vassals don't think about the teachings of their ancestors, they are restrained and cautious, and they want to inherit the sky.They all courted relatives and flattered the Lord on the outside, in order to increase their power, but on the inside, they were greedy, raped and abused.Today, the Fuchen of Henan has informed me again.Do not create it early or less, so that the ambition is achieved repeatedly, and the ministers fear that the guards in the four directions will not be able to carry out their ambitions, and the momentum of the tail will become big, and the ministers will be foolish.This is also the so-called arrogance of the clan. Ministers who have heard of talents are also talented, and they nourish their precious elements and make them precious utensils.There is no shortage of nutrients to nourish, so that the utensils are suitable.In ancient times, an official must have several people who are worthy of this post, so it is necessary to bear the lack of generations, and to work hard.In today's country, people have never paid attention to keeping them, but they are not suitable for their tools. They are often chased away when they are mentioned, and when they are scarce, they have no choice but to advance them one by one in turn. The progress may not be enough. where to go.Although the current court is full of wealth, although it can not be said that there is no one, but there are no people who hide their talents and hide, and there are no people who are slightly defiled and permanently disabled?The ministers and fools think that those who are not greedy to the point of no action can do whatever they want, and use it for one day.What's more, there are some outstanding people who can be recorded, and all of them are made to be yellow and yellow, so that they will die. What a pity, there are no shortage of officials!This is also the case for the so-called common officials. Those who obey the orders are also officials who are close to the people, whether they are worthy of the orders, whether the supervisors are honest, the supervisors' choices, Quan Heng's participation, and the system of the country.Recently, the exams are not strict, and the names and facts are not checked. Observing the order is just for the supervisor, and it is just a matter of running and obeying. I don't have a deep investigation, but the supervisor is based on the evidence, and the impeachment is mixed, the reputation is uncertain, the bribes are high, and the eunuchs are promoted.The saying goes: What is etiquette and righteousness?Talented and glorious; why be cautious?Brave and up-to-date.This has become a trend, the way of integrity is blocked, the custom of snobbery is formed, the benefit of the people is sick, and the vulgarity is corrupt. Who pays attention to this?This is the so-called follower of officials. Although the troubles of barbarians and Di Di have existed since ancient times, they are well-equipped for defense and cannot be invaded by foreign aggressors.Now the captives have been arrogant for a long time, and it is even worse when they come back. Either they should declare the big, or they can enter the interior.The ministers of the frontier are all responsible for everything. Fortunately, they do not cause great harm, and they are delighted.In a short time, His Majesty was very excited, and he intensified the soldiers, and the battle in the cloud was achieved, and the victory was achieved. This is also the effect of cheering up.Ranfa said: Don't rely on it not coming, rely on me to wait for it.Taking advantage of the spirit of victory, it is a plan for Yu's defense. At this time, it has been unknown until now.This is the so-called side preparation for those who have not cultivated it. The heaven and the earth generate wealth and have their own definite number. If you take it with restraint and use it with restraint, you will be rich; if you take it without restraint and use it without restraint, you will be poor.Today's state Fu is issued to the southeast, but the power of the people is limited, and there is no limit to what to do, and the expenditure of the dynasty is dozens of times that of the early days of the country. Prosperity, Si Nong repeatedly complained of exhaustion.Husband takes the world to serve one person, although it is too much, why is it empty?The reason why it is consumed is not because of one end.The saying goes: "Three inches of control are useless, and they cannot be full."It's not just three inches today.This is the so-called lack of wealth. The disadvantages of the five diseases lasted for a long time, but I thought that the ear disease, which is particularly bloated and paralyzed, is not a serious problem. If the blood and qi in the whole body are raised and lowered and circulated, these patients can be cured with one treatment.If the husband is blocked and blocked, even though there are needles and stones, medicines are useless.May Your Majesty take a look at the origin of Thailand, understand the aspirations of the upper and lower, open the door of offering, and get close to the ministers of the auxiliary ministers, so that all the ministers and Bailiao can have a clear view and understand their thoughts. If the five are divided into duties and assigned, everyone will think of emulating their strengths, and the accumulated disadvantages will be eliminated. Why are the five enough to suffer? This is the first time in Juzheng Zoushu, and perhaps in Sejong's reign, in addition to the routine Zhangshu, Juzheng Shangshu is the only time.This is where Juzheng's political talent is fully demonstrated.He determined the crux of the politics at that time, and he had already said what should be said, but he did not offend Shizong or Yan Song.This is different from Yang Jisheng and Hai Rui.Yang Jisheng attacked Qiu Luan and Yan Song; Hai Rui attacked Shizong: From the point of view of being outspoken and extremely admonishing, of course there is no regret at all, but in fact, what Jisheng got was abandonment of the market, and what Hai Rui got was imprisonment. Do what you don't want to do.The snail's tentacles stretched out, but felt that the air was unfavorable, and finally retracted them. Juzheng just immersed himself in the exploration of the history of the country, and did not say anything about current affairs. In the 28th year of Jiajing, he was only 25 years old when he was in Juzhengshangshu. Therefore, we think of a boy in Luoyang who was in his 20s when Emperor Wenwen of the Han Dynasty was.However, Juzheng is not as good as Jia Yi after all.Jia Yi's "Policy for Public Security" discusses building up princes to curb chaos. This was a countermeasure for the political situation in the Han Dynasty, but during the reign of Emperor Shizong of the Ming Dynasty, it was really pitiful to say that the clan was arrogant.During Wuzong's time, there were indeed two rebellions by the pro-vassals, but even with the momentum of Ning Wang Chenhao, they would soon disappear.During this period, Sejong was advocating Taoism, so Hui Wang Houxuan also worshiped Taoism, Sejong granted him Taiqing Assistant Yuan Xuanhua Zhenren;This is just a pitiful appearance to please the emperor, what great ambitions are there?Maybe Ju Zheng couldn't forget the constitution, and at this opportunity, he was given a cold shot, but he forgot a big issue about the suzerain and vassal. The problem of suzerain vassals in Ming Dynasty was Zonglu.The twenty-six sons of the Taizu, except Prince Yiwen, were all crowned kings. Of course, the eldest son of the king was also king, and the rest were crowned county kings. General Guo, General Feng Guo, Lieutenant Zhen Guo, Lieutenant Fu Guo, Lieutenant Feng Guo.The daughters of the king and the king of the county are princesses and princesses, and there are also county heads, county lords, county lords, and township lords.The husband of the princess is the son-in-law, and the husband of the princess and even the township is Yibin.All of these people have annual salaries, from the king's 10,000 shi to the Xiangjun and Yibin's two hundred shi, the annual salary of a single king's mansion is already very appalling.And since Chengzu, every time an emperor passed by, of course, several palaces had to be added.When there are no restrictions on the clan's concubines, there are no restrictions on their children.Taizu's twenty-six sons and sixteen daughters are already a large number, but Wang Qizhen of Qingcheng of the Jin Dynasty had seventy sons. Although he did not break Tian Chang's record of more than seventy sons, he was already more than Taizu. out three times.All the kings, county kings, generals, and lieutenants have really made the whole country poor. It wasn't until the 41st year of Jiajing that Yushi Lin Run pointed out that the affairs of the world were extremely harmful and there was nothing more worrying about them than Zongfan Lulin.The whole world supplies four million stones of grain to the capital every year, and Lumifan in various prefectures has 8.53 million stones.In Shanxi terms, there are 1.52 million stones left, and 2.12 million Zonglu.In Henan dialect, there are 843,000 stones left, and the Zonglu is 1,920,000.It is the food of the two provinces, which is all lost by order, which is less than half of the Lumi. What's more, the salary of the officials and the salary of the army are all out of it?Therefore, from the king of the county and above, he still enjoys it generously, and above the general (the word should be written below, and "Ming History. Shihuo Zhi" is quoted above), most of them cannot survive on their own.Hunger, cold and humiliation are bound to come. They are always calling for the road, gathering criticism and having divisions, and the ministers who guard the land are always afraid of changes.Husband's endowment cannot be increased, but the clan is growing more and more, isn't it chilling?It is advisable to order the Minister Ke Dao to gather in the court, and to tell the kings that the situation is extremely poor and harmful, and they have no choice but to change the meaning, so that the accountant of the household department should be allocated at a rate of ten years, and the number of military deserts to be saved and the number of additional titles in the palace should be calculated. , to present good strategies for the aftermath, to break one's heart, and to lay down the rules that will never be easy.Lin Run's opinion is more to the point than Ju Zheng's.Later, in the sixth year of Wanli of Shenzong, Juzheng played the case of Dingzong vassal, and in this respect, some scale was established. In March of the twenty-eighth year of Jiajing, Prince Zhuang Jing died. Juzheng collected "Elegy of Prince Zhuangjing" (Poem 3), but what was left to Juzheng was not a Wulu but a lifelong career.Sejong's eight sons, the fifth son died early, only the second son Zaihe, the third son Zaihou, and the fourth son Zaizhen were established.In the eighteenth year of Jiajing, Zaigu was established as the prince ("Ming History. The Biography of Prince Zhuang Jing" was wrongly recorded as the eighth year of Jiajing), Zaihou became the king of Yu, and Zaizhen became the king of Jing.Ten years later, the crown prince died, and his posthumous posthumous title was Zhuang Jing.At this time, of course, it was King Yu Jin who appointed the prince, but Shizong thought it was an unlucky thing to appoint a prince, so he delayed it invisible.Tao Zhongwen, who was favored at that time, also said that the two dragons could not meet each other. The emperor is a dragon, and the prince is of course a little dragon, so Sejong simply did not set up a prince, and King Yu and King Jing could not see their father. See Long Yan.Before the crown prince's status was determined, King Yu and King Jing became eager competitors. Fortunately, they were mediocre and helpless characters, so there was no bloody tragedy in the palace.This matter did not come to an end until the 40th year of Jiajing, when King Jing returned to the vassal, and King Jing died in the 44th year.But during the period from twenty-eight years to forty years, King Yu's status was really uneasy.King Jing's plan to seize the throne is already an open fact in the palace.The first assistant Yan Song was also quite indifferent to King Yu.King Yu has been in arrears for the yearly gift for three years. Of course, he dare not mention it to his father Shizong, so he had to send 1,000 taels of silver to Yan Song's son Yan Shifan in order to reissue it.But Yan Song is still not at ease with King Yu.One day, Shifan said to Gao Gong and Chen Yiqin, the lecturers of King Yu: I heard that His Royal Highness King Yu is a little bit reluctant to his family, what's the matter? It was a thunderbolt.When Sejong and King Yu were not allowed to meet each other, and Yan Song was talking and listening in front of Sejong, if Yan Song felt threatened by King Yu, it would not be an accident.Gao Gong was trying to divert Shifan's attention, but Yiqin just said quietly: Kunimoto has long since decided.His Royal Highness King Yu's taboo character, from the earth, is obviously the owner of the land, which means the name of the emperor.When the prince speaks about officials, the old rule is only to review (see "Ming Hui Dian"), but King Yu's lectures on officials are also used to edit, which is different from other prefectures. This is the meaning of the prime minister.Your Highness often says that only the Chief Assistant can be regarded as a minister of the country. May I ask where did the reluctance come from? This speech preserved King Yu's status.Afterwards, Gao Gong and Yiqin entered the cabinet because of the relationship between Yudi's lecturer.In the 43rd year of Jiajing, Juzheng was a lecturer at Yudi Ri, and in the first year of Longqing, Juzheng entered the cabinet because of this relationship. In the first month of the 29th year of Jiajing, Yan Song, a scholar of the University, was 70 years old. This was when he was very popular, and he had "Thirty Rhymes of Shouyan Shaoshi" (Poem 6).From the first few sentences of holding a fight and adjusting Yuanhua, holding the balance and assisting the Xuan, fame hangs on the sun and the moon, swords and shoes force the stars, mending the gun is unmatched, hanging clothes are the only ones, the wind and the clouds are in harmony, and the fish and water are incomparable. It is the book that Shizong trusted Yan Song.In the same article, Lu Sheng's heart is more than young, Cheng En's appearance is more pious, his miraculous achievements return to silence, and the evening festival is more pleasant, which also indicates Yan Song's cautious attitude.Until now, Juzheng still has a good impression of Yan Song. In the spring of this year, Juzheng asked for leave to go back to Jiangling once. "Reconstruction of Confucianism in Yidu County" (Collected Works 9): In the spring of Gengxu, Yu Yong's attendants, please return to the old county, it can be proved.During the Hongzhi period of the Ming Dynasty, it was stipulated that the two capitals should be given to false officials, and they should stay at home for two months except for the return journey by land and water.At that time, the transportation between Beijing and Jiangling was difficult, so the journey back by water and land added two months at home. When Juzheng returned to Beijing, it was already in autumn, so Juzheng happened to see the famous Gengxu change. In June of the twenty-ninth year of Jiajing, I Datong invaded Datong, entered Jizhou in August, attacked Gubeikou, and entered through the broken wall of Huangyugou at the same time.Wang Yan, the censor of Shuntian, was stationed in Tongzhou, dispatched troops to defend to the death, and went to Beijing in an emergency.Originally, since the early years of Chengzu, after abandoning Fuyu, Taining, and Duoyan Sanwei, Beijing has been on the front line of national defense.After the fall of Jizhou, the enemy then attacked from Gubeikou via Tongzhou, completing the siege of Beijing.Beijing was originally the first fortress in the Ming Dynasty, and everything was based on the wartime system.Chengzu set up seventy-two Jingwei, with a total army of 400,000, plus 280,000 troops from the eight prefectures in Guinea, and 160,000 troops from the central Daning, Shandong, and Henan squads, making a total of more than 800,000 troops. threat.But the scale of Chengzu is no longer there. The Beijing Army was changed from the three major battalions to the twelve regiment battalions, and then to the east and west government halls. There are more than 107,000 people.Armaments are becoming weaker and weaker day by day.When Alda approached the suburbs, Ding Rukui, Shangshu of the Ministry of War, checked the camp, and there were only 50,000 to 60,000 people.Ding Rukui ordered to go out of the city to garrison, but this group of remnant soldiers only had sad faces and sighed.When the war was uncertain, Shizong issued an edict to King Qin.The first one to receive the edict was General Xianning Marquis Chou Luan, who brought 20,000 troops from Datong to aid. After that, Qin Wang's troops from all over the country came to aid with a total of 50,000 to 60,000, and finally gained some momentum.But in terms of supplies, there is nothing to do. Soldiers who starve to death are just a common occurrence every day.When I arrived at the city of Beijing, Qiu Luan didn't dare to start a war, so he sent someone to approach him, as long as he didn't attack the city, he could agree to any conditions.I answer, of course he has his request, but it is the same as the story of the British invaders in the middle ages of the Qing Dynasty who came to the east, and it is called a request for tribute.Sejong summoned Yan Song, Li Ben, the great scholars, and Xu Jie, the Minister of Rites, to the side hall of Xiyuan, holding the letter of tribute from me, and asked them how to do it. This is a group of hungry thieves, the emperor doesn't need to worry about it, Yan Song said. Xu Jie said solemnly: The army has been stationed outside Beijing, killing people is like cutting grass, not just hungry thieves. Emperor Sejong just nodded and asked Yan Song if he had seen the request for tribute.Yan Song also had a copy, and he handed it out from his sleeve, saying: "Seeking tribute is a matter for the Ministry of Rites." The matter is a matter for the Ministry of Rites, but everything is up to the emperor, Xu Jie said. It was originally discussed with you, Sejong said. The enemy has already arrived in the suburbs. They want to fight and defend the city. They are not prepared for anything. At present, they can only negotiate a peace, but it will be difficult to fear that they will demand insatiable demands in the future. Xu Jie's words gradually became more specific. As long as it is beneficial to the country, leather coins, pearls and jade will be given.Sejong said generously. It's just leather coins, pearls and jade, and things will be easy to handle. Xu Jie said, if you are not satisfied, how to deal with it? Shizong said calmly: You can be said to be far-sighted. The plan is decided.Xu Jie argued that Ida’s request for tribute was written in Chinese, which cannot be used as a basis for discussion in the future, and there is no reason to ask for tribute near the city. As long as he opens the Great Wall and writes it in Tatar, Datong The guard conveyed that everything is negotiable.Of course, this is a delaying tactic.As the days dragged on, King Sifangqin's army arrived in Beijing, and the imperial court had the strength to fight a decisive battle.The days dragged on, the Tartar knights had plundered too much, and Ida also lost the enthusiasm for a decisive battle.Finally one day, I Da reorganized my luggage and made preparations for retreat.At this time, Sejong was urging the Ministry of War to fight one after another.Ding Rukui asked Yan Song. Yan Song said that Beijing was different from the frontiers. If you lost a battle in the frontiers, you might as well repay your merits. If you were defeated in the suburbs of Beijing, the emperor would know. What should you do then?Yan Song decided to wait until I Da was full of plunder, and quit by himself, but Sejong also decided to take advantage of this big change to kill ministers and cheer up Tsunaki!As soon as I replied, Ding Rukui was sent to prison immediately.Ru Kui asked Yan Song for help, and Yan Song said affirmatively: I am here, you are determined not to die.However, Sejong's determination has no room for redemption, and Yan Song has no will to rescue Ru Kui.Ru Kui didn't know that Yan Song had betrayed him until he abandoned the market.The Minister of the Ministry of War was interrogated, and the chief of staff of the Ministry of War, Wang Shangxue, the chief of staff of the Ministry of War, was supposed to sit down with Wang Shangxue.Ru Kui didn't know it yet, but when he was about to be executed, he asked the left and right with great concern, "Has Mr. Wang been spared death?"Wang Hua, the son of Wang Shangxue, knelt down beside him and said: "Thanks to Shangshu's great kindness, my lord will not die."Ru Kui sighed and said: Your father repeatedly advised me to fight quickly, but I was wronged by the cabinet, so that's the case.Now that your father is spared from death, I can feel at ease.Ding Rukui's injustice was well known to the public at that time, and it was not until the early years of Longqing that he was able to recover the official. After this great change, Juzheng realized how lax the military equipment was, how important the frontier equipment was, and how urgent the countermeasures against I Da were.He realized that Yan Song had betrayed his country and betrayed his friends, and he really gave up on Yan Song.One of the snail's tentacles retracted in time, but the other tentacles stretched out at the same time.He has already found a friend, this is Xu Jie, the head of the Hanlin Academy when he was a Shujishi, and the current Minister of Rites.In the name of the Imperial Academy, Xu Jie was Ju Zheng's teacher, but in terms of political standpoint, he was Ju Zheng's political friend.The friendship between them lasted until Juzheng's death in the tenth year of Wanli. Xu Jie, Songjiang Huating, short and fair, a typical Jiangnan people.In politics, he is Yan Song's opponent.Yan Song is soft and sycophantic, Xia Yan is stubborn, softness can overcome strength, so Xia Yan failed.但是一味地柔佞，柔到和水一樣，便喚不起信任。大難臨頭的時候，柔佞的人只是推卸責任，這樣最容易引起輕視。徐階不是這樣。他不是鋼鐵，也不是水，他是一方橡皮。橡皮是柔的，遇到堅強的壓力，能屈服，能退讓，但是在壓力減輕的時候，立即恢復原狀。對於外來的力量，他是抵抗，但是永遠不採取決裂的態度，即在退讓的時候，他也永遠不曾忘去撐持。這是政治上的一種風度，以後張居正、張四維，都曾經採取過。申時行維持九年的政權，也是採取這個風度。 這個時代，恰是陽明之學盛行的時代，徐階不是王守仁的學生，但是他的朋友很多陽明一派的人。他曾和聶豹、歐陽德、程文德等，在北京靈濟宮講學，聽講的人有時多至五千，是北京講學的盛會，但是他的良知之學，和他的侍從世宗，修治齋醮，好像不曾發生衝突。他講求經世之學，但是他也精心結撰青詞，好像也沒有矛盾。他正在準備在政治上和嚴嵩爭鬥，然而表面上只有和平。時機還沒有來，他正跧伏著。 嘉靖三十年是明代對外關係中可以紀念的一年。二十九年俺答入侵，終於在飽掠以後退出長城了，但是對於北京正是一個隨時可發的威脅。大將軍仇鸞不敢開戰，只有設法避免戰爭，主張採取馬市的辦法。馬市是由俺答歲進若干馬，朝廷歲給若干幣帛粟豆。在表面上，是通商，在事實上，俺答所得的是生活必需的資源，明朝所得的是不能作戰的馬匹。三十年三月，開馬市。第一個反對的是兵部員外郎楊繼盛。繼盛奏言十不可、五謬。世宗召集大臣會議，仇鸞大聲地說：楊繼盛沒有看過戰爭，把事情看得這樣容易！最後的決定還是認為既經和俺答約定了，無從反悔。繼盛也就在這次貶為甘肅狄道典史。繼盛是徐階掌國子監時的門生，但是徐階看到仇鸞結納嚴嵩，正在得寵的時候，一句話沒有說。就是居正，也在這個時期為嚴嵩賦三瑞詩：一篇稱頌嚴家瑞竹、瑞芝、瑞蓮三物的詩。最後的幾句： 扶植原因造化功，愛護似有神明持。君不見，秋風江畔眾芳萎，惟有此種方葳蕤！ 這時是夏言已倒，徐階未起的時候，世宗的力量，正在維持著這一本江西分宜的瑞蓮。 馬市的事實，對於朝廷畢竟是一種侮辱。世宗衰邁了，也許有一些苟且，然而經不起這一個刺激。高傲的血液裡，激盪著復仇的氣息。仇鸞沒有知道，還在慶賀自己的成功；俺答也沒有知道，還在和平的氣氛中，不斷地進攻大同、懷仁。戰爭的呼聲又起了，沉沒了世宗苟安的雜念。三十一年三月，他一面派仇鸞赴大同巡視邊防，一面用禮部尚書徐階兼東閣大學士，參預機務。徐階看清世宗對於仇鸞的信任已經起了變化，首先便把仇鸞貽誤大局的策略揭破。五月召仇鸞入京，八月收仇鸞大將軍印，九月罷馬市，朝廷和韃靼間，恢復作戰的體制。世宗對於仇鸞的反感，一切都看在嚴嵩的眼光裡。嚴嵩本來也感到徐階的威脅，正在打算借徐階、仇鸞平時接近的關係，給他們一個一石兩鳥之計，卻想不到第一個推翻仇鸞的卻是徐階，被他占了先著。於是他把一腔仇怨深深地埋藏下去，再伺候適宜的機會。徐階也趁此時機，結納居正。周聖楷《張居正傳》稱：時少師徐階在政府，見公沉毅淵重，深相期許，便是這個時候。 "History of Ming Dynasty.張居正傳》稱嚴嵩為首輔，忌階，善階者皆避匿，居正自如，嵩亦器居正。徐階和居正，方在計劃推倒嚴嵩的政權，但是表面上還是平和。嚴嵩看到居正在那裡做《賀靈雨表》、《賀瑞雪表》、《賀冬至表》、《賀元旦表》那些不痛不癢的文章，有時便吩咐他代擬一道，居正那些臣等秩首班行，恩深眷遇，涵濡德澤，同萬物以生輝，拜舞衣冠，仰九天而稱賀（奏疏十三《賀元旦表》二），臣等叨塵密勿，夙荷生成，念歲月之既多，感寵恩之愈厚（同卷《賀元旦表》五），都是在嘉靖三十一、二年代輔臣擬作的。在嚴嵩的眼中，居正只是一個應酬詩文的作家，這又證實嚴嵩不如徐階的敏感。 嘉靖三十二年，居正是一個二十九歲的青年，但是他的抱負，已經把他壓迫得喘不過氣來。詩集《擬西北有織婦》一首，大致是這年作的： 西北有織婦，容華豔朝光，朝織錦繡段，暮成龍鳳章。投杼忽長吁，惄焉中自傷。綿綿憶遠道，悠悠恨河梁，遠道不可見，淚下何浪浪！春風卷羅幙，明月照流黃，山川一何阻，雲樹一何長。安得隨長風，翩翻來君傍，願將雲錦絲，為君補華裳。 究竟是少年人，在一首通篇比興的詩後，透出志在宰輔的抱負。幸而嚴嵩不會看到此詩，可以不必顧忌，他只在那裡等待江南來的長風，把他送進內閣。 二十九年俺答包圍北京的時候，仇鸞不敢開戰，是嚴嵩的同志；馬市開了，世宗一意聽信仇鸞的話，仇鸞便成為嚴嵩的威脅，所以楊繼盛攻擊仇鸞，間接也給予嚴嵩一種安慰。三十一年仇鸞失敗，繼盛便由狄道典史，一升山東諸城知縣，再升南京戶部主事，三升刑部員外郎，四升兵部武選司；從三十一年到三十二年，一歲四遷，嚴嵩看清這次繼盛一定是感激涕零了，偏偏繼盛也看清嚴嵩只是一個辜恩誤國的權奸。到任一個月，他彈劾嚴嵩十大罪，又說： 嵩有是十罪而又濟之以五奸。知左右侍從之能察意旨也，厚賄結納，凡陛下言動舉措，莫不報嵩，是陛下之左右，皆賊嵩之間諜也。以通政司之主出納也，用趙文華為使，凡有疏至，先送嵩閱，然後入御。王宗茂劾嵩之章，停五日乃上，故嵩得輾轉遮飾。是陛下之喉舌，乃賊嵩之鷹犬也。畏廠衛之緝訪也，令子世蕃，結為婚姻。陛下試詰嵩諸孫之婦，皆誰氏乎？是陛下之爪牙，皆賊嵩之瓜葛也。畏科道之多言也，進士非其私屬，不得預中書、行人選；知縣非通賄，不得預給事、御史選。既選之後，入則杯酒結歡，出則饋贐相屬，所有愛憎，授之論刺，歷俸五六年，無所建白，即擢京卿。諸臣忍負國家，不敢忤權臣。是陛下之耳目，皆賊嵩之奴隸也。科道雖入牢籠，而部、寺中或有如徐學詩之輩，亦可懼也，令子世蕃，擇其有才望者羅置門下，凡有事欲行者，先令報嵩，預為佈置，連絡蟠結，深根固蒂。各部堂司，大半皆其羽翼，是陛下之臣工，皆賊嵩之心膂也。陛下奈何愛一賊臣，而忍百萬蒼生陷於塗炭哉！至如大學士徐階，蒙陛下特擢，乃亦每事依違，不敢持正，不可不謂之負國也。 繼盛上疏之前，齋戒三日，滿以為一誠上達，為國除害。但是他卻忘去了世宗的存在。世宗任用嚴嵩，這是世宗的認識；繼盛指摘嚴嵩的奸賊，便是指摘世宗的認識錯誤。這一點徐階看得清，但是徐階對於繼盛的上疏，也是無可如何，只有坐看嚴嵩的挑剔，和刑部尚書何鼇的羅織。繼盛經過廷杖一百以後，繫刑部獄三年，最後在嘉靖三十四年，附著毫無關係的都御史張經案中棄市，這是後話。 居正是一個深沉的人，從繼盛下獄以後，處處感到危機。對於時局，他的憤懣已經達到極點，可是偏偏不許流露。他的抱負是偉大的，可是在這個政局裡，只要他做不關痛癢的文章，用不到他的抱負。平生的知己，剩得徐階，然而徐階只是那樣地小心翼翼，縱使居正有什麼主張，他一概不問，永遠是靜靜地待著；而嚴嵩的政權，正在日新月異地，因為受著世宗的栽培而滋長。 這是做詩的時機罷！居正充分地把一腔哀怨交給他的詩囊。 述懷 豈是東方隱，沉冥金馬門？方同長卿倦，臥病思梁園。蹇予柄微尚，適俗多憂煩。側身謬通籍，撫心愁觸藩，臃腫非世器，緬懷南山原。幽澗有遺藻，白雲漏芳蓀，山中人不歸，眾卉森以繁。永願謝塵累，閒居養營魂，百年貴有適，貴賤寧足論。（詩一） 適志 有欲苦不足，無欲亦無憂，羲和振六轡，駒隙無停留，我志在虛寂，苟得非所求，雖居一世間，脫若雲煙浮。芙蕖濯清水，滄江漂白鷗。魯連志存齊，綺皓亦安劉，偉哉古人達，千載想徽猷。（同上） 蒲生野塘中 蒲生野塘中，其葉何離離，秋風不相借，靡為泉下泥。四序代炎涼，光景日夜馳，榮瘁不自保，倏忽誰能知。愚暗觀目前，達人契真機，履霜知冰凝，見盛恒慮衰。種松勿負垣，植蘭勿當逵，臨市嘆黃犬，但為後世嗤。（同上） 在那個時代裡，政治界的人物，大都是熱中的。無疑地，居正的整個政治生活，充滿熱中的氣息。然而這時他居然恬淡了。他沒有忘去魯連存齊、綺皓安劉的偉業，但是眼前正留著種松負垣、植蘭當逵的炯戒。歸去罷，歸去罷，江陵的山水正在向他招手。 據敬修《文忠公行實》，居正元配顧氏，繼配王氏。他第一次結婚在那一年，不可考。從詩集編次看，大致嘉靖三十二年，顧氏已經死去一年了。詩題：余有內人之喪一年矣，偶讀韋蘇州傷內詩，愴然有感。這首詩很流露了居正夫婦間的愛戀：蹇薄遘運屯，中路棄所歡，嬿婉一何促，飲此長恨端四句，指明他們相處的時期，並不太長，然而已經永別了。離魂寄空館，遺嬰未能言，正寫出寄櫬北京的情形，遺嬰是否就是敬修，也不可知。（王世貞《首輔傳》卷七言居正以妻喪請急歸，與居正言不合。） 顧氏死後，不久居正又結婚了，這是王氏。正和一切再娶的情形一樣，人生的缺憾是無法彌補的。居正詩集中《朱鳥吟》的最後兩句：仙遊誠足娛，故雌安可忘，是一個證明。 歸去罷，歸去罷！平生的抱負無法實現，當朝的權奸無法掃除；同年的楊繼盛已經下獄，自己的前途毫無保障；少年的伴侶，已被死亡奪去；感情的創痕，又無從彌補。嘉靖三十三年的居正，只是一個三十歲的青年，然而已經認識了人生的痛苦，縱使沒有什麼大不了的疾病，他已經感覺到衰病纏綿。 （詩集《送黎忠池》二首之二：余有歸與興，抱病淹朝秩可證）。終於在這一年，他告了病假，仍回江陵。臨行的時候，他對徐階留下一千幾百字的一封長信。He said: 相公雅量古心，自在詞林即負重望，三十餘年；及登揆席，益允物情，內無瑣瑣姻婭之私，門無交關請謁之釁，此天下士傾心而延仕也。然自爰立以來，今且二稔，中間淵謀默運，固非博識可窺，然綱紀風俗，宏謨巨典，猶未使天下改觀而易聽者，相公豈欲委順以俟時乎？語曰：日中必熭，操刀必割，竊見向者張文隱公剛直之氣，毅然以天下為己任，然不逾年遽以病歿。近歐陽公人倫冠冕，向用方殷，亦奄然長逝。二公者皆自以神智妙用，和光遵養，然二三年間，相繼凋謝。何則？方圓之施異用，慍結之懷難堪也。相公於兩賢，意氣久要，何圖一旦奄喪，誰當與相公共功名者？況今榮進之路，險於榛棘，惡直醜正，實繁有徒。相公內抱不群，外欲渾跡，將以俟時，不亦難乎？盍若披腹心，見情素，伸獨斷之明計，捐流俗之顧慮，慨然一決其平生。若天啟其衷，忠能悟主，即竹帛之名可期也。吾道竟阻，休泰無期，即抗浮雲之志，遺世獨往，亦一快也。孰與鬱鬱顑頷而竊嘆也？夫宰相者，天子所重也，身不重則言不行，近年以來，主臣之情日隔，朝廷大政，有古匹夫可高論於天子之前者，而今之宰相，不敢出一言。何則？顧忌之情勝也。然其失在豢縻人主之爵祿，不求以道自重，而求言之動人主，必不可幾矣。願相公高視元覽，抗志塵埃之外，其於爵祿也，量而後受，寵至不驚，皎然不利之心，上信乎主，下孚於眾，則身重於泰山，言信於其蓍龜，進則為龍為光，退則為鴻為冥，豈不綽有餘裕哉！（書牘十五《謝病別徐存齋相公》） 究竟經驗是跟著年齡來的。三十歲的翰林編修，已經迫不及待，拂衣而去了；五十二歲的內閣大學士，卻認清楚還得忍耐，還得忍耐。披腹心，見情素，固然是一個辦法，但是在固執己見、呵護前非的世宗面前，指摘嚴嵩，便是激怒皇上。楊繼盛的例子在那裡，這個使不得。抗志浮雲，遺世獨往，也很好，可是在和嚴嵩決裂以後，要想退居林下，安然自得，這是不可能的事這是事實，不是徐階的過慮；徐階去位以後，遇到高拱當國，高拱去位以後，遇到張居正當國，都經過很大的危難，何況嚴嵩是一個比高拱更有辦法，比張居正更無顧忌的人呢？不錯，為了國家的安全，為了自己的安全，徐階一步造次不得，他終於還是跧伏著，一切還是和平。他想到居正信中最後的幾句，簡直有些諷刺自己固位希寵了，他只是深切地沉吟：青年人不知道自己的苦衷，臨去的時候，連辭行的禮貌都沒有，那麼，就讓他去罷。徐階依舊是內抱不群，外欲渾跡。