Chapter 30 Six Ideals of Zheng Xiaoxu

After Zheng Xiaoxu was run away by Luo Zhenyu in Beijing, he returned to me in the spring of the following year.At this time, Luo Zhenyu gradually came under suspicion and indifference, and the number of hostile people gradually increased, while Zheng Xiaoxu received my welcome and growing trust.Chen Baochen and Hu Siyuan also had a good relationship with him.In 1925, I appointed him to be in charge of the General Affairs Office, and in 1928, I also appointed him to be in charge of the foreign affairs, and his son Zheng Chui to take charge of the foreign affairs and to be my representative in foreign liaison activities.Later, the relationship between him and me can be said to have reached the level between Ronglu and Cixi.

He is more easygoing with me than Chen Baochen.That time when I met Zhang Zuolin, both he and Chen Baochen expressed objection beforehand. Afterwards, Chen Baochen puffed up his mouth and remained silent, but he said: Zhang Zuolin expresses his sincerity, and he is kind to see it.Both he and Hu Siyuan are good at debating, but Hu Siyuan only uses some old classics when exporting or writing, but he can use some foreign knowledge, such as what Fascism created by Mussolini, how did Japan have the Meiji Restoration, and the British " How the Times commented on the situation in China and so on was beyond Hu Siyuan's reach.Chen Baochen is the most loyal person in my opinion, but when it comes to my future, there is no such thing as Zheng Xiaoxu's impassioned enthusiasm, his enthusiasm, and his frequent tears.Once when he was telling me about "Tong Jian", the topic suddenly turned to my future empire:

The territory of the empire will exceed the scale of Emperor Sheng Zuren's reign. At that time, there will be three capitals, one in Beijing, one in Nanjing, and one on the Pamirs When he spoke, his bald head shook, and his saliva splashed all over the place, until his limbs trembled and he burst into tears. Sometimes, a few words on the same matter made me feel the difference between Chen Baochen and Zheng Xiaoxu.On the issue of Kang Youwei's posthumous posthumous title, both of them were opposed. Chen Baochen also expressed his objection that it would be appropriate to grant less posthumous posthumous titles in the future. After expressing his objection, he added this sentence: the prison of the Reform Movement of 1898 will naturally be released in the future. It must be decided at the court meeting.As if I could return to the Forbidden City soon.

Both Zheng Xiaoxu and Luo Zhenyu actively campaigned for the restoration, but Zheng Xiaoxu's proposition moved me even more.Although he also repeatedly opposed my plan to go abroad and move to Lushun and Dalian. Zheng Xiaoxu objected to me leaving Tianjin to go anywhere, which has been consistent for seven years.Even when the September 18th Incident happened and Luo Zhenyu came to me with the plan of the Kwantung Army, he still disapproved of my departure.In addition to the confrontation between him and Luo Zhenyu, his unwillingness to be monopolized by Luo, and his being a little more cautious than Luo slightly, there is another reason that has been overlooked, which is: he did not regard Japan as the only country at that time. Rely on; what he pursues is the joint management of the great powers.

In the Tianjin era, Zheng Xiaoxu had a famous theory of the three communists.He often said: The Qing Dynasty died from the Republic, the Republic will die from Communism, and Communism will inevitably die from co-management.He regarded the Northern Expedition as the implementation of communism.After the defeat of the Revolutionary War, he still couldn't stop talking.He said: There is a strike again, the school is on strike, and the foreigner's business has suffered losses, how can they not come forward to take care of it?On the surface, his Three Confucian Theories seem to be his emotions, but they are actually his ideals and wishes.

If we examine the history of Zheng and Luo's acquaintance with the Japanese, Zheng went to Japan to work as the secretary of the Chinese embassy in 1891. Luo sold antiques, calligraphy and paintings, and ran the Shanghai "Nong Bao". The Japanese, Fujita Jianfeng, translated the book in 1896, and Zheng made friends with the Japanese five years earlier than Luo.However, ever since Luo Zhenyu got acquainted with Japanese friends, he only had Japanese in his eyes. After 1911, he put all his hopes for restoration on the Japanese, while Zheng Xiaoxu saw the great powers in Japan. From then on, he thought that the Chinese people Needless to say, even officials are incompetent and useless. China should be developed and managed by the big powers.He went a step further than Zhang Zhidong's theory of learning from the middle school and using Western learning for application. He not only required Western technology and capital, but also advocated that Westerners should be officials, and even the royal guards should be trained and commanded by guest ministers.Otherwise, China will always be a mess, and China's resources are hidden in the ground for nothing. Sooner or later, our country will be snatched away by the rebellious party and people, and even destroyed.After the Revolution of 1911, he believed that the restoration must be successful without the help of the foreign powers.How can this help be achieved?He pinned his hopes on condominium.

At that time, the idea of ​​co-administration of China by the great powers could often be seen in foreign language newspapers in Tianjin.Zheng Xiaoxu paid great attention to such remarks, and carefully copied them into his diary and notes, and at the same time asked his son Zheng Chui to translate them to me.This is an article published in the Japanese newspaper "Tianjin Daily News" on June 9, 1927: British Advocate Co-management of China Associated Press British-Beijing Special Correspondence.According to an opinion from a prominent political figure, the current situation in China is chaotic. Foreign observers in China have carefully investigated and thought that the Chinese people will have to wait a long time before they can resolve their internal disputes. If foreign countries want to intervene military or diplomatically, It is impossible to solve the current situation in China.The only way is to organize an International Condominium Committee for China, with one representative from Britain, the United States, France, Japan, Germany and Italy as a member of the committee to completely manage the military in China.The term of office of each committee member is three years. During this period, they assume full responsibility. First, 250 trillion yuan will be raised by various countries as administrative funds. Diplomats or politicians are not allowed to serve as committee members. The committee members must cooperate with the US Secretary of Commerce (Commerce) Hoover. Similar.In addition, a Sino-foreign mixed committee responsible for the committee was organized so that the Chinese could be trained in the above-mentioned committee.

Zheng Xiaoxu believes that if this kind of plan can be realized, the time for my restoration will come. That summer, I listened to Luo Zhenyu's persuasion and planned to go to Japan. Based on the fantasy aroused by that article, Zheng Xiaoxu advised me to stay in Tianjin and wait for co-management.This is what he wrote in his diary: Wuzi twenty-fourth day in May (June twenty-third day).Yixing is here.Summoned and inquired about the situation of the Japanese consular interview (that is, going to Japan).Because the memorial said: "Now I am hunting in Tianjin by public opinion, the emperor and the world are still inseparable."The scholar-bureaucrats of the Central Plains and the people of other countries still have to be in constant contact with each other, and the pulse is not cold. If they go to Tianjin one step, the situation will change drastically.If you live in Japan, you will be kept by Japan, and the hope of recovery is hopeless!Since ancient times, the master of Zhongxing must rely on military strength.Today, there is great chaos in the sea, and there is no way to calm down for a long time. The countries have no choice but to send troops to protect their businesses.In the future, if we do not set up a virtuous leader for China, disputes will start, and the harm will be great.Therefore, if today's emperor wants to make a plan, he does not need to wait for military strength, but to make his holiness and virtue famous at home and abroad, there must be a day when everyone wants to be king.

He proposed many ways to make the name of holiness known at home and abroad, such as donating money in my name, compiling "Political Leaders of the Qing Dynasty" in my name, and calling a conference on the removal of soldiers from all over the world in my name, etc.Some of them I complied with, and others I could not do, and I also expressed my approval and agreement. I appointed Baron Akdi, an exiled aristocrat from Austria, to go to Europe to lobby for me. Before leaving, Zheng Xiaoxu personally explained to him that in the future, if all countries in Mongolia support the restoration of the country, these four policies should be implemented immediately: 1. Set up a responsible cabinet, cabinet members Participate in the use of Keqing; 2. The imperial guards are commanded and coached by guest generals; 3. The Zhangjiakou-Ili Railway is quickly built, using loans to contract labor; 4. Government-run commercial enterprises established in the country must be established within five years.

Zheng Xiaoxu's thoughts became more and more systematic in the future.Once, he said: The imperial railway will extend in all directions, mines will be opened everywhere, and school education will be based on Confucianism.I asked him: Will the great powers really invest?He said: If they want to make money, they must scramble for the first.That's what I did when I undertook the Aigun Railway, but it was a pity that the imperial court suppressed it, and some old-fashioned ministers couldn't see that it was very cheap.At that time, I didn't know that the railway nationalization policy, which was the fuse of the 1911 Revolution, was originally Zheng Xiaoxu's idea when he served as the shogunate for Sheng Xuanhuai.Had I known it then, I would never have trusted him like that again.At that time, when I heard him talk about building a railway, I only thought of this question: But the Xinhai National Revolution was not caused by the incidents of roads and mines in Sichuan and Hunan?He echoed and said: Yes, so in the policy of the minister, there are government-run and commercial-run.However, the Chinese are poor, so they do less with less money, and the foreigners are rich, so they invest more and do more. This is fair and reasonable.I asked him again: Are those foreigners willing to work as errands?He said: Treat him like a distinguished guest, promise preferential treatment and enjoy privileges, there is absolutely no reason not to come.I asked him again: Many foreigners come to invest, what if they fight?He said with confidence: because of this, they must respect the emperor.

This is Zheng Xiaoxu's increasingly systematic policy derived from the co-management theory, and it is also a policy that I approve of.He and I believe that only in this way can I regain my throne, continue the spirit of the Qing Dynasty, and restore the old conditions of the clan Jueluo, civil and military officials, scholar-bureaucrats, etc. After I left the palace, Zheng Xiaoxu once returned to Duan Qirui's activities and returned to the palace. After I arrived in Tianjin, he once supported my activities to win over warlords and politicians, but he never forgot this ideal in his heart.His desire in this regard is particularly fervent, especially when other activities have repeatedly failed.This can be especially seen in the use of Seminov, a guest minister. When I brought up the question of meeting Seminov, Chen Baochen was worried that this matter would cause criticism from the outside world, while Zheng Xiaoxu was worried because he was afraid that I would carry out this matter behind his and Luo Zhenyu's backs.He said to Chen Baochen: Objecting to the summoning will make the emperor avoid consulting. It is better to make a proper and careful plan for the emperor and summon him once.As a result, the relationship with Semenov was taken into his hands. What interested him most about Seminov was his relationship with the great powers.When Seminov bragged about how the big powers supported him, and the voices of foreign countries interfering in China's political situation were rampant, Zheng Xiaoxu thought that the time had come, and happily matched Zhang Zongchang and Seminov, so that Seminov's party members would be more Buduan went to Mongolia to raise his troops and went to Shanghai and Qingdao himself.What specific activities he carried out, I can't remember clearly now, I only remember that he wrote a lot of poems very proudly.In his diary, there is such a description of self-appreciation: when he wakes up in the morning, he suddenly thinks about recent events, and then he goes back and forth.For example, Yuan Shikai's conspiracy to usurp and Zhang Xun's restoration have all been accomplished but failed, so what?If there is no knowledge of reform and creation, it will be incongruous and inconsistent! (November 1925) Everyone is extremely afraid of things, so it is appropriate to do so!Night with Seminov.Bao Wenyuan, Bi Hanzhang, and Liu Fengchi went to the National Hotel together, and they all had a good time. They were about comrades, and Tuiyu was the eldest brother. (May 1926) Ross, a British liar, defrauded me of a sum of money in the name of running a newspaper to help me restore the country. Later, he asked Zheng Xiaoxu to introduce a bank loan. Because Luo was a friend of Seminov and Dobduan, Zheng Xiaoxu used his bankbook as a pledge to give He borrowed four thousand yuan from the bank.Zheng Chui felt that Ross was unreliable, so he wrote to ask his father to be careful, and he wrote back to reprimand his son, saying: You can't take risks, how can you make trouble?Later, as expected by his son, Ross did not pay back the money when it was due, and the bank deducted Zheng's deposit to offset the account.Even so, when the people under Ross came to borrow money from Zheng again, because of Seminov's relationship, after Dubuduan's intercession, he took out another thousand yuan to the liar.Of course, if my money was sent out by him, it would be more.Chen Baochen, who was ridiculed by him because he was extremely timid and should be so, later lamented Su Kan (Zheng character), Su Kan, really negligent!In addition, I added a sentence: generosity, generosity, is it not the generosity of others! Later, he changed from expecting all countries to support Seminov to hoping that Japan would do more to help Seminov, and from expecting co-management by all countries to hoping that Japan would accelerate its intervention in China first.When his route changed to follow Luo Zhenyu's footsteps, his vision was much higher than Luo Zhenyu's. Sanye Mansion, Tianjin Japanese Army Headquarters and Consulate were not in his eyes; the object of his activities was to go directly to Tokyo.However, he still did not forget about co-management. He did not regard Japan as the only foreign aid, but the first foreign aid. a guest. He put forward a proposal to go to Tokyo for activities, which was approved by me and agreed by Minister Yoshizawa.Going with him was Yoshio Ota, a Japanese who had a lot of connections between the ruling and opposition parties in Japan.Through the arrangement of this ronin, he had contacts with the military and the Black Dragon Association. Later, he told me with satisfaction that most of the Japanese government and the opposition expressed concern and sympathy for my restoration, and felt very happy with our future open policy. Interested.In short, as soon as the time comes, we can make a request for support. I don't remember the details of his activities in Japan.Here are some excerpts from his diary, from which we can see some clues of his extensive activities in Japan: The ninth day of Yi Chou in August (lunar calendar, the same below).Arrive Kobe at 8:00.Futian and his friends came to welcome him.Daily news reporters bring their gear to take pictures.Together with Ota and Fukuda, they went to the Nishimura Hotel for a rest. Suddenly, Iwata's helper threw a stab at him: Minister Yoshizawa from Hyogo Prefecture called to ask for hospitality. Hyogo Prefecture has not returned from Tokyo.Then they went out together to the Chinese Guild Hall.Then we went to Nangong Temple, returned to Xicun Museum, went to the bus station to buy a ticket, went to Xijing, and entered the Kyoto Hotel.The visitors included: Koji Morita from the Osaka Jiji Newspaper, Ashikaga Joyen, a friend of Ota, and Dairoku Koyamauchi, a friend of Iwata, who worked for the Kokkaisha.Went with Iwata, Fukuda, and Ota to the Shandong Pavilion for lunch.Yezhuben Dorje visited and talked for a long time.Qu Yun: Come back at ten o'clock, wait until twelve o'clock, but it doesn't come. The tenth day of Bingyin.When I was about to visit Zhuben, I met outside the door and went with me.Tiger Naito came to talk about Jiuzhi.Matsuo Yaozang, a friend of Ota, came to visit and talked about Fengtian affairs in secret. Dingmao thirteenth day.Futian told by phone: Nagao returned yesterday, so he will visit with Ota and Daqi.Nagao was still lying down, and told his wife not to come today, so he took the tram to Osaka.Iwata Ainosuke and the four sons of Sudi all visit.Xianli (Dingzhi) said in secret that Yu Fengtian was in a hurry, and the news was urgent. I wanted to visit Fujita Masamori and Ugaki Kazunari on Tokyo Day.Both Asahi and Daily took pictures, and Fu and Su's fourth son took a photo together, which was an interview with Mr. Ogura, the manager of Sumitomo. Gengwu fourteenth day.Let's talk about the long tail and persuade Fengtian to be the foundation of recovery. Renshen sixteenth day.Nagao Uzan asked not to go out by phone, so he came to visit immediately, and then traveled to Tenmangu Temple and Kinkakuji Temple by car to Arashiyama.The peak stands steeply, the water is very blue, and the dense forest reaches the top, if there is no way to enter.When you enter the restaurant, you are also in the forest, and you can vaguely see the rocks and hills pressing down on the eaves. Drinking wine and eating fish, you will go until three o'clock. Guiyou seventeen days.Nagao came as a gift of painting fans and sent them to Zuo Grandma's house in Maruyama Park, Kano, Naito, Kinshige, Suzuki, and Takase, but Araki and Uchimura did not return in Tokyo. Bingzi twenty days.for writing.rain.Say goodbye to the long tail.Ota came to the cloud, there are many welcomers in Tokyo, and he will go to make an appointment first. Xinsi twenty-five days.Get off the train at 11 o'clock in Tokyo.Dozens of people stabbed at the station.Odagiri, Takada Toyomura, and Okano all came to the Imperial Hotel.It rained heavily.Iwata and Mizuno Meixiao also came.Okano fled after Wu Peifu's defeat and became a monk.Overnight here. Renwu twenty-sixth day.Mizuno talked about the recent state of the Japanese government in detail, saying that people such as Fukuji, Goto, Hosokawa, and Konoe could all talk with each other. Gui Wei twenty-seven days.After sending off Mizuno, I visited the same bed again.Bed times broke away from the Democratic Party and established the Showa Club, which will be the leader of the third party.Iwata is here.Odagiri is here.Daejeon, Shirai, Mizuno, and Nobuo Tsukuda came.Yamada is here.Wang Rongbao came.At night, I went to Konoe's appointment, and there were more than ten guests, including Odagiri, Tsuda, Mizuno, and Ota.Jin Wei inquired about the status and was extremely attentive. Jiashen twenty-ninth day.According to Mizuho Kawada, Nagao Uyama's agent came to a banquet with Hong Matsumoto on the eighth day of September. The guests were: Kiichiro Hiranuma, Vice-President of the Privy Council; Ziying Kawayama, former Secretary-General of the Cabinet; Kenjiro Makino, Wen, professor of Waseda; Yasuo Matsudaira, professor of Waseda; Kokubun Aoya, poet; Tanabe Bitang, poet; Uchida Shuhei, able to read Chinese.In addition, there are more than ten people.Iwata and Sudi's eighteenth son Kenkai came to visit and are now at the Non-commissioned Officer Academy.Admiral Shizue Tsuda invited him to a Japanese restaurant in Azabu District for a public banquet for the Naval Command.The chairman is Major Admiral Minai, and the guests are: Hachiro Arita, Umeaki Mizuno, Major Admiral Nakajima, Baron Sonoda (Togo's son-in-law), Lieutenant Commander Kubota Hisaharu, etc. Bingxushuo in September.Ota is here.Suzuki, Chief of Staff Headquarters, and Minami, Deputy Chief, met by phone at ten o'clock.Go with Daqi and Datian.Suzuki inquired about the recent status, and said: Do you have the will to recover?Nanci Changyun: If you want something, you can see it.Confrontation: We are studying the strategy of opening up the country in the future. If the time comes, we will seek it in the future.Vice Foreign Minister Shigeru Yoshida made an appointment for lunch, and there were: Viscount Kiyoura Kuigo, Viscount Okabuke Kei, Lieutenant General Takata, Baron Ikeda, Arita, Iwamura, Mizuno, Ota, etc. The second day of Ding Hai.Kai Kenkai Iwata, Li Baolian and Liu Muchan visited.Li and Liu are all in the non-commissioned officer school. The fifth day of Geng Yin's first day.Mizuno and Ota come.Visited Goto Shinpei with Mizuno and talked about Russian affairs for a long time. The eighth day of Guisi.Kudo invited him to Shintaro Shirai's house, where he met Lieutenant General Takayama, Major Generals Nonaka and Taga, Tiannabe and Matsudaira, and asked about the situation. The thirteenth day of Wuxu.Ota sent to Kobe to board the Nagasaki Maru, and Nagao Uyama came from Xijing to leave.Both Tomioka and Fukuda came.Half past eleven. In Japan, he was received as my representative by various people who were enthusiastic about restoring the Qing Dynasty.Many of them were my old friends. For example, Takada Toyomura was the former commander of the Tianjin Garrison, Arita Hachiro and Yoshida Shigeru were consul generals in Tianjin, Shirai was the vice consul, and Takemoto Takishi took me into the Japanese barracks when he was in Beijing. The Colonel.Iwata Ainosuke was the member of the Black Dragon Society who shot the gun outside my window, and Nobuo Tsukuda was the important figure of the Black Dragon Society who refused to discuss secrets in front of Consul General Arita.No matter how bad they were in China, they received Minister Zheng together in harmony with each other at this time.In addition to those who have directly appeared in the past, those big figures who originally lived behind the scenes, such as Konoe (Bunmaro), Ugaki (Issei), Yone (Mitsumasa), Hiranuma (Kiichiro), Suzuki ( Kantaro), Minami (Jiro), and Shigeru Yoshida who came to power after World War II, as well as some famous politicians and chaebols, all appeared at this time.Perhaps when Zheng Xiaoxu met with these people, he was too happy with the reaction to his policy of opening up the country, so after the founding of the Puppet Manchukuo, the first batch of guests had already entered the opened door, and he still did not forget the ideal of co-management. Whenever there is an opportunity, publicize the open door and equal opportunities to the outside world.This is like a servant who is the bottom line for robbers. He opened the door of his master’s house and let in a gang of robbers. Solicit widely.This naturally annoyed the robber who had already entered the door, and kicked him aside.