Chapter 54 [Chapter V Sophistry against the Law of Excluded Middle] [Introduction]

The basic content of the law of excluded middle is: any correct thinking has clarity.In the same thinking and discussion process, two contradictory judgments cannot be both false and one must be true.The law of the excluded middle is either A or not A. The formula shows that one of the two contradictory judgments of A and not-A must be true, excluding the possibility of existence in the middle. Like the law of non-contradiction, the logical law of either A or not A is a correct reflection of the qualitative differences existing among objective things. The law of excluded middle requires that in the same process of thinking and discussion, two contradictory judgments should not be negated at the same time, that is, they cannot be both.

The sophistry tactics used by sophistryers to violate the law of excluded middle mainly include: ambiguity and ambiguity; mediation and compromising, seemingly fair; making up complex questions to tempt people to be fooled;