Chapter 17 Sixteen, the Utes must go!

The Army conquered the Sioux and you can order them everywhere.But we Utes never bothered you white people.So you must wait until we do things your way. Chief Sharp Arrow Kwari of the Ute Tribe I told the officer that it was a very, very bad thing, that the chief had given such an order, it was too bad.I said it was bad; we shouldn't be fighting, we're brothers.The officer said that it doesn't matter, the Americans will fight even if they are born by a mother. Nikaget (Jack) of the White River Tribe of the Ute The Utes are Rocky Mountain Indians who for a generation have watched invading whites, like endless swarms of locusts, enter their Colorado territory.I also saw the whites drive out their blood-enemies, the Saiyans, on the great plains of Colorado.Some Utes joined Rope-Throwing Carson's army and participated in the battle against the Na'vi peace tribe by the white soldiers.At that time, the Utes considered the whites their allies, and they were happy to go to Denver and trade buffalo hides for all manner of goods in the stores.But these strangers from the east, more and more every year, invaded the mountains of the Ute to dig for topaz and bright white metal.

In 1863, the Governor of Colorado (Evans) and some officials went to the village of Konaios in the San Juan Mountains, met with Sharp Arrow Quarry and nine other chiefs of the Ute tribe, and signed a treaty there. A treaty that gave all Colorado land east of the Rocky Peak (the watershed in the continental United States) to whites, and the remaining land west of the watershed to the Utes.In exchange for goods worth 100,000 yuan and ten-year installments worth 100,000 yuan of grain, the Utes agreed to give up all the mining rights in their territory. At the same time, they also promised that any American citizen would come to dig in their mountains Digging, will not be hindered.

Five years later, the white people in Colorado decided that they had left too much land for the Utes, and used political pressure to convince the Liberation Bureau that the Utes were a constant nuisance. They have gone to the mines, they have come to the mines, and they have stolen the livestock of the residents.They said they were going to put the Ute on a well-defined reservation, but what they really wanted was more land for the Ute.In early 1868, with a lot of good words, the Bureau of Liberation invited Arrow Quarry, Nika Gert (Jack) and eight chiefs to visit Washington.Throwing Rope Carson accompanied them with their most trusted friend and advisor.They were in Washington, where they lived in a good hotel, where they were given good food, and they were given copious amounts of tobacco, sweets, and medals.

When the time came for the signing, officials insisted that the visiting chiefs take full responsibility for the seven tribes they represented.Sharp Arrow Quarry was the undisputed Chief of all the Ute.His ancestry is half Apache and half Ute Nkobagri. He has a handsome face and piercing eyes. He speaks English and Spanish as well as he understands. Fluent in Indian.When land-hungry politicians tried to put him on the defensive, Arrow Quarry was tactful, bringing the Ute case to newspaper reporters.An Indian agreeing to a treaty with the United States, he said: Like a buffalo shot all over the body agreeing to its hunter, all he can do is lie down and submit.

With brightly colored maps and glib wording, the officials couldn't fool Quarrey on the borderline.Instead of accepting a small corner of western Colorado, he proposed the western mountains and grasslands, a land of 6.51 million hectares, which was much smaller than the land owned by his people before, but larger than that of Colorado. Politicians ask them to accept as much.Two ethnic station management offices should be established, one in Los Pinas Mountains, responsible for the Nkobagri tribe and other southern tribes, and the other in Beihe, responsible for the northern tribes.Quarry also asked that the new treaty include protection clauses that would keep miners and immigrants out of the Ute reservation.According to this treaty, no white person could be allowed to pass, stay, or reside in the territory designated to the Ute without permission.

Ignoring this restriction, the miners continued on their way, and among them was a New England Yankee, Pitkin, who ventured into the San Juan Mountains to mine silver and soon made a fortune.In 1872, Piedgin became a leading advocate among the wealthy miner interests for adding a quarter of the Ute reservation in the San Juan area to the Colorado Territory.The Lifan Bureau complied with the wishes of the mine owners and sent a special team led by Bruno Te to negotiate with the Ute people to transfer the land. In September 1873, at the Los Pinas Administration, Brunotte's group met with Quarre and representatives of the seven Ute tribes.He told the chiefs that the patriarch wanted him to come and negotiate with them the relinquishment of some of their reservation land.He wanted them to be assured that he didn't want the lands himself, or come here to tell them what to do, but to get their opinion on the matter.Brunoette advises them: Sometimes, if we think of the best good for our children and grandchildren, it is better for us to do something now that does not please us.

The chiefs wanted to know, if they gave up their land, how could it be good for their children and grandchildren?Brunote explained that the government will allocate a large sum of money for the land ceded by the Ute people and pay them interest every day. I don't like the interest part of the consent form, and Quarry declared: I'd rather have money in the bank.Then he complained because the government had not kept its promise in the treaty to drive out whites who found themselves passing through the Ute reservation. Brunote replied quite frankly that if the government wanted to drive out the miners, it would lead to a war, and the Ute would lose a penny and lose their land.The best thing we can do, he said, is to sell them and earn some money every year if you will let them go.

Miners don’t care about the government, and they don’t obey the law. Quarry agreed: They say they don’t care about the government. It’s a long way from the United States. They also say that those who come to implement the treaty will also leave the United States. They will do whatever they want. If you sell the mountain, Brunotte went on, and if there is no gold in the mountain, then it will be good for you, you will get the money for selling the mountain, and the Americans will stay away.But if there are gold mines in the mountains, it will not stop the troubles, and we will not be able to make the people leave.

Why can't you stop them?Quarry would like to ask clearly: Is the government not strong enough to maintain our agreement? I'm going to stop them, Brunotte said: But Quarry knows it's going to be difficult. Quarry said he would love to sell the mountain, but not all the good hunting grounds around it.White people can go and get gold and come out again, we just don't want them to build houses there. Brunote replied that he did not believe it would be possible, and that once the gold miners were in the Ute country and started working there, there was no way to force them to leave.I would ask the parents to drive the miners away, and he promised, but a thousand people would tell him to let the miners go, and maybe he would do what I said, maybe he wouldn't.

After seven days of discussion, the chiefs agreed to accept the price proposed by the government, 25,000 yuan a year in exchange for 1.62 million hectares with gold and silver.Quarry received a salary of a thousand dollars a year for ten years in the form of bonuses, or as long as he was the great chief of the Ute and kept peace with the United States, he was paid for as long as he wanted.Therefore, Quarry has become part of the establishment and has the motivation to preserve the status quo. The Ute people live in a piece of paradise, with vast grasslands and forests, rich berries, nuts, and plenty of wild animals. They can be self-sufficient, and they don’t need the distribution of Los Pinas Management Office and Baihe Management Office. rations and fully survive.In 1875, Pound, the administrator of Los Pinas, asked by his superiors to conduct a census of the Ute people in his area. He replied: It is quite impossible to count, it is better to try to count the Fly swarms of bees.They move about the area like the herds they hunt.Dunvers, the superintendent of the White River House, estimated that there were about nine hundred Utes, who made his house his headquarters, but admitted that he had had no luck in coaxing them to settle in the valley surrounding the house.At both sites, the Utes catered to the caretakers, raised a small herd of cattle, and planted a few rows of corn, potatoes, and turnips, but they had no real need for such work.

Their freedom on their own reservation began to end in the spring of 1878, with the arrival of a new administrator at the White River Management Office.The duke, whose name was Mikel, was a former poet, novelist, newspaper reporter, and founder of a regional land cooperative who had failed most of his careers but had found the job of administrator because he needed money.He has a passion for missionary work and sincerely believes that, as a member of a superior nation, it is his responsibility to support and educate the Ute people.According to him, he was determined to elevate this group of Red Fans from the barbaric animal husbandry stage to finally enter the educated, scientific and religious stage.Mikel is very confident that he can achieve all this in five, ten, or twenty years. With his humorless and coercive methods, Mikel systematically set out to destroy, piece by piece, the things that the Ute held dear, to remake them into his image, and, as he believed, his own Created in the image of God.His first and most unpopular move was to move the management office to a place 24 kilometers downstream of the Baihe River. That area was good farmland, suitable for cultivation.He planned to form a land cooperative there for the Ute Indians; but he overlooked the fact that the Ute had long used that area as a hunting and horse ranch.And the site he chose to build is on a traditional horse racing track, where the Ute people enjoy their favorite sports and bet on horse races. Mikel found Chief Quinkent (Douglas) to be the most amiable of the White River chiefs.He is from the Yangba tribe of the Ute tribe. He is in his sixties, his hair is still black, but his moustache has turned white.Douglas had more than a hundred horses, a rich man by Ute standards.But most of the young people who followed him have turned to Nikaget (Jack). Also like Quarry, Jack is an Apache second-rate.As a boy he lived with a Latter-day Saints family, learned a few words of English, and served as scout under General Kruger in the Sioux War.When he first met Mickle, he was still wearing the uniform of a scout, a frontier moccasin, army riding boots, and a wide-brimmed hat.When he and Quarry went to Washington in 1868, the patriarch awarded him a silver medal, which he has always worn. When Mikel moved the management office out, Jack and his tribe were out hunting buffalo at that time, and when they returned, they found that everything had been removed.They pitched camp, and a few days later Mikkel arrived and ordered Jack to move to a new location. I told him (Mikel) that the location of the old management office was stipulated in the treaty, and Jack later said: As far as I know, there is no law or treaty mentioning the new address.At this time, the administrator told me that we had better move all of us downstream, if not, we would be forced to move because they have soldiers. Mikkel tried to appease Jack by promising to get cows for his tribe, but Jack replied that the Utes didn't need either milk or cows. Carloro is the second in command among the chiefs. He is a member of the Mochi tribe of the Ute tribe. In the small temporary reserved area.As soon as they are happy, they wander freely in the city, eat in restaurants, go to theaters, play tricks with white citizens, and so on.When the reservation was closed in 1875, Carloro took the Mochi tribe to White River to join Jack's tribe.They missed the excitement of Denver, but were happy to have a good game in the White River area.The Mochi tribe has no interest in Mikel's land cooperative. They only go to the management office when they want a few bags of flour, some coffee, and sugar. Connera (Johnson) is the archmage of the family, Quarry's brother-in-law, and the manager of the racetrack, but Mikel wants to build a new management house on it.Johnson loves a top hat he got from Denver.There must be some reason, Mikel chose Johnson, as his most likely assistant in the savagery of Baut. In order to assist his great crusader, Mikel also brought his wife Owena and daughter Yoss to the management office.He hired seven white men to work, among them a surveyor, to plan an irrigation canal, a logger, a bridge builder, a carpenter, and a plasterer, expecting them, while building the new land cooperative paradise, to On the one hand, he can teach his skills to the Ute people. Out of Mikel's own imagination, he wants the Utes to call him Mikel's Papa (they're still in that barbaric state, and he treats them like his children), but most of the Indians call him Niek, and at last make him unhappy. Before the spring of 1879, Mikkel had several management houses under construction and sixteen hectares plowed.Most of these jobs were done by his white employees, who were paid to do them.Mikel really didn't understand why the Ute, who were counting on grants to build their own land cooperative, agreed to pay thirty Ute people for the irrigation canals to be dug.They were happy workers till Mikel's money ran out; when there was no wages, they went away; the hunters hunted, the racehorses went.Their needs were very, very few, and they were unwilling to adopt civilized habits, Mikkel lamented in his report to the Chief of the Bureau.What we think is comfortable and convenient is not enough to arouse their values, thus prompting them to obtain it with their own efforts.Most people are indifferent and contemptuous of the way of life of white people.He suggested a course of action to rectify the situation of these savages: first, take away the hundreds of horses of the Ute, so that they cannot roam and hunt, and replace these sitting horses with a few draft horses for their He went to plow the land and drag things. Once the Ute people were forced to give up hunting and stay near the management office, he would not give rations to those who did not work.I want to reduce the rations of every Indian to the point of starvation, he wrote to Senator Teller of Colorado: if they don't work. Mikel's deep-rooted desire to write down his ideas and observations and then send them out for publication had, over time, brought him and the Utes to a breaking point altogether.In the spring of 1879, he wrote a purely creative conversation with a Ute woman, trying to show how little Indians understand the joy of work, or the value of material objects.During the conversation, Meeker claimed that the reserved land belonged to the government, but was designated for the use of the Ute.If you don't use it, don't work, he warns: white people from afar will come, and by and by, you won't have any of it. This little article, first published in the Greenler (Colorado) Tribune, was seen by Vickers, an editor and politician in Denver who looked down upon all Indians, especially Utes.His brother was then secretary to Piedgin, the rich mine owner who in 1873 had separated the San Juan Hills from Ute ownership.Since Colorado became a state in 1876, Piedgin has used his power to become governor.After the end of the Sioux War in 1877, Piedgin and Vickers began to brag and wage a propaganda war to deport all Utes to Indian land, so that, A large piece of valuable land will be left to take whatever you want.Vickers seized on this passage in Meeker's paper as a strong argument for driving the Utes out of Colorado, and published an article on the matter in the Denver Tribune: The Ute people are out-and-out communists. It is a shame for the government to take care of them and encourage their idleness and willful waste of property.Living on the generosity of the hereditary, but idiotic, Bureau of Management, they were actually lazy enough to get their rations in the normal way, insisting on taking them wherever they were found.To relocate the Ute people to the Indian land, we can feed and clothe them for half of what the current government spends. Mikel, the director of the eminent White River Management Office, had once been a staunch friend and ardent admirer of the Indians.He came into office with firm confidence that the Indians could be managed successfully by kindly handling, patient instruction, and good example.But all his efforts failed, and finally he reluctantly accepted the truth of the old frontier saying: only the dead are really good Indians. Vickers's article was written quite a lot, and it was reprinted in Colorado under the headline Ute must go!In the late summer of 1879, in the frontier state of Colorado, there were many white orators. Whenever they were invited to give a speech in a public place, most of them spit out the slogan that won applause. roll! In various ways, the Utes knew that Mikel had betrayed them in writing.What made them particularly angry was that, as the spokesman for the administrator of their own family, they actually said that the land in the reserved area did not belong to them, and they lodged a formal protest through the interpreter in the institute.Meeker repeated his statement, adding that he has the right to farm any land he chooses on the reservation because it is government land, of which he is the administrator. At the same time, Vickers is also stepping up his Ute must go!The campaign produced many reports of Indian crimes and atrocities.He even blamed the Ute for the many forest fires in this unprecedented dry year.On July 5th, Vickers planned to send a telegram signed by Governor Pi Dejing to the Director of the Regulatory Bureau: Reports come in every day that a section of the Ute White River Tribe has left the reservation and is destroying the forest. They have burned millions of dollars in lumber, terrorizing the residents and miners. I am convinced that the destruction of Colorado trees by the Indians is An organized action.These barbarians should be removed to Indian lands, where they can no longer destroy the best forests in this state. The chief replied, promising the governor to take action, and then issued a warning to Mikel to restrain the Utes from leaving the reservation.When Mikel sent someone to summon the chiefs, he found that they were holding a meeting angrily.It turned out that they had already heard the governor's false accusations, and heard the threats to send them to the Indian land. On the Bear River in the north of the reservation, there was a white friend Peck who opened a grain store. Seeing the news in the city newspaper, he tells Nikagot (Jack). According to the newspaper, the Ute set fire along the Bear River and burned down a house owned by Thompson, the former Ute administrator. Jack was so disturbed by the report that Peck agreed to go with him to Denver. Go to Governor Piedgin and tell him it's not true.One of the roads they took passed by Thompson's house.We passed there, and Jack said afterwards: I saw that Thompson's house was in good condition, and it hadn't been burned down. It was with great difficulty that Jack was allowed into Governor Piedgin's office.The governor asked me what happened to the situation in Baihe in my area, and he said that the newspapers had said a lot about us.I told him that was exactly what I thought, and that was why I came to Denver.I said I didn't understand why things had reached this level, and then he said: Here is a letter from your administrator.I just told him that the Indian administrator (Mickel) can write a letter, and he will write that letter; and I can't write, so I came to see him in person to answer questions.We talked a lot, and then I told him I hoped he wouldn't believe what was written in that letter and he asked me if it was true that Thompson's house had burned down, and I told him I had seen the house and it wasn't Burn it.Then I talked to the governor about the Indian administrator, and if he wrote to Washington advising that it would be better to send another person to take over, he promised me to write the next day. Of course, Pidgin does not intend to suggest sending someone to replace Mikel.From the governor's point of view, everything is going in the right direction.What he has to do is to wait for the showdown between Mikel and the Utes, and then maybe the Utes will have to go!La. At the same time, Mikel was drafting a report to the Liberation Bureau that month, writing that he was planning to form a police force among the Ute people.They weren't happy, he added, but only a few days later he made moves that he must have known would make the Ute more desperate.Although there is no direct evidence, it can be seen that Mikel agrees with Governor Pidgin's plan that the Ute must go; but almost every step he takes seems to be determined to drive the Ute to the top. Maybe Mikel didn't want the Ute to go, but he did want to drive their horses away.At the beginning of September, he ordered one of his white laborers, Price, to plow a piece of grass on which the Ute people grazed the horses.Some of the Utes immediately protested, asking Mikkel why he wasn't plowing elsewhere, their horses needed grass.There was a sagebrush field to the west of the pasture that Quinkent (Douglas) had cleared and brought up for plowing, but Mikel insisted on plowing.The Ute's next move was to send some lads with guns, and when they got up to the plowman, they ordered him to stop.Price complied, but when he reported the threat to the administrator, he ordered him to get the job done.This time the Ute shot Price in the head as a warning, and the plowman hastily untied his horse and left the pasture. Mikel was furious and wrote an angry letter to Director Li Fan.This is a group of bad Indians, he wrote: They have received free rations for too long, and they are used to us, spoiled, and think they are the king of heaven. That afternoon, Master Connera (Johnson) came to see Mikel at the management office and told the manager that the plowed land was allocated to him for raising horses. come and go. Mikel interrupted Johnson's excited speech.The trouble, Johnson, is that you have too many horses, and you'd better kill some of them. Johnson stared at Meeker for a long moment, in disbelief; he suddenly stepped up to the warden, grabbed his shoulders, pushed him out of the corridor, and pushed him hard against the harness bar. , Without saying a word, Johnson strode away. After the incident, Johnson expressed his views on this matter: I told the administrator that it was wrong to order someone to plow my land.The caretaker said I was always a troublemaker and would probably go to jail.I told him I didn't know why I should go to jail, or that it would be better to send another warden, a good man warden, who wouldn't say such things.That's when I grabbed his shoulders and told him he'd be better off rolling.I didn't do anything to him, didn't punch him, or anything but grab his shoulders.I didn't get mad at him then and went back to my house. Mikel called Jack into the office for a talk before taking action.Jack later recalled the meeting: Mikel told me Johnson abused him.I told Mikel that there was nothing wrong with it, it was a trivial matter, and it was best to forget about it.Mikel said it wasn't all right; he cared a lot about it and whined about it, and I told him it wasn't a thing at all, and it wasn't a good thing to make such a fuss about.Mikel said that he doesn't like to be caught by a young man. He is old and has no strength to retaliate, and he doesn't want a young man to grab him in that way.He also said that he was an old man and that Johnson had abused him. He would never speak to Johnson again, and he would ask the chief to send soldiers to drive the Utes out of their land.I told him it would be too bad to do that, he said anyway the land doesn't belong to the Ute, I replied the land doesn't belong to the Ute, the reason why the government set up a management office here is also because it is Ute tribe's land.I told him again that the matter with Johnson was very small, and it was best to let it go, and not to make such an earth-shattering disturbance. Mikel's relationship with the Utes was getting worse and worse. After thinking about it for a day and a night, he finally made up his mind that he should teach them a lesson.So he sent two telegrams, one to Governor Pi Dejing, requesting military protection, and the other to the director of the Bureau of Aboriginal Affairs: Sergeant Chief Johnson beat him, forced him out of the room, and was seriously injured.It has now been revealed that Johnson was the source of all trouble, that he shot the plowman, and that the objection to the plow was wide-ranging.The farming land has stopped, the property and employees are not safe, and it is urgent to protect it; Governor Pi Dejing has been invited to discuss with General Pope. Over the next week, the hulking machinery of the Home Office and the War Department crept into action.On September 15, Mikel was notified that orders had been issued for the cavalry to march on the White River, authorizing the administrator to arrest the leaders of the recent disturbances. The Department of War issued an order to Major Thornborn, commander of Fort Steele, with special instructions to lead a sufficient force of cavalry to the administration of the White River Tribe of the Ute tribe in Colorado.Because Suo Enpeng went out to hunt elk, the order was delayed in his hands for a while, and he did not send troops until September 21, because the distance to Baihe was 240 kilometers, and he needed to equip 200 cavalry and mounted infantry. . On September 25th, Suo Enpeng arrived at Zhucheng Creek, and the troops had already walked halfway to the Baihe Management Office. The major decided to order a guide to inform Mikel that he would arrive at the Management Office in four days; he asked Mikel told him about the recent situation in the institute.On the same day, Carloro and Jack knew that the soldiers had arrived, and the two chiefs of the Ute tribe were taking their tribe to the Milk River for the customary autumn hunting. Jack rode north to Bear River, where he met the troops.How is this going?He asked: What have you come for?We don't want to fight the soldiers, we are all the same parents above, we don't want to fight them. Thornburn and his officers told Jack that they had received a telegram to go to the management office, saying that the Indians had set fire to the nearby forest and had burned down Thompson's house.Jack replied that was bullshit, the Ute hadn't set fire to any forest, or any house.You leave the troops here, he said to Suo Enpeng: I am a good man, I am Nikagot, leave your troops here, and we will go south to the management office together.Thornbon replied that he was ordered to enter the management office, and unless administrator Mikel wanted his troops to stop, he had to take the soldiers to Baihe. Jack insisted again that the Utes did not want to fight, saying that it was not good for soldiers to come into their reservation.Then he left Thornburn and hurried back to the management office to warn Mikel that bad things would happen if he let the soldiers into the White River. On the way to Mikel's office, Jack stopped to see Quinkent (Douglas). They turned out to be rival chiefs, but now the entire White River tribe of the Ute tribe is in danger. Jack felt that the leaders must not be divided.The young Utes had heard too much about the whites sending them to the Indians; Bind the ropes, and some bad Utes will be hanged, and others will be taken as prisoners.If they think that the soldiers are coming to take them away from their hometown, they will fight the soldiers to the death, so that the chiefs can't stop them from fighting.Douglas said he had nothing to do with it.After Jack was gone, he put an American flag on a pole and stuck it on top of his cone. (Basically, he has never heard of the fact that in the Shaxi massacre in 1864, the scapegoat of the Sai'an people was flying an American flag.) I told the administrator (Mikel) that the soldiers were coming, and Jack said: I hope he will take action to prevent them from coming to the management office.He said it was none of his business and he would do nothing about it.At that time, I told the administrator again that I would be happy to meet the soldiers at the place where the soldiers were with the two of them.The administrator said that I kept nagging him, but he didn't go.This is what he told me in the office, and when the last conversation was over, he got up and went into another room, shut and locked the door, and that was the last time I saw him. That evening, Mikel apparently had a change of heart and decided to heed Jack's advice.A courier was sent to Major Thornborn, advising him to stop the troops, and I came to the management office under the escort of five soldiers.He writes: The Indians seem to regard the cavalry advance as a genuine declaration of war. When the messengers arrived the next day (September 28) at Thornborn's camp at Deer Creek, Carloro was there to persuade the major that no further advance should be made.I told him that I had no idea why the troops arrived, and Carloro said afterwards: Why did the war start. At that time, this force was only fifty-six kilometers away from the Baihe Management Office. After reading Mikel's letter, Thornporn told Carloro that he would march his troops to the Milk River on the border of the Ute reservation and set up camp there. At that time, he would lead five officers and soldiers to the management office. , and talk to Mikel. Not long after Carloro and his men had left Camp Thornburn, the major held a meeting of officers at which he decided to change his plan.The troops did not settle on the edge of the reservation, but advanced through Coal Creek Canyon.Thornborn explained that this was a military necessity because Carloro and Jack's camp was just below the canyon.If the troops stopped at the Milk River, the Ute tribe decided to block the canyon, so that the soldiers could not reach the management post.However, when the troops reached the southern end of the canyon, there was only a few kilometers of open land between them and Baihe. Carloro rode in front of the army, and arrived at his camp around nine o'clock in the morning on the 29th, and found that his people were very excited about the approach of the soldiers.I saw several people starting to move from the road in the direction where the soldiers were, and he said: I will also leave in the future, and go to the place where the first group of people gathered.It was there that he met Jack and sixty warriors, and the two chiefs exchanged news, and Jack told Carlolo about his unpleasant meeting with Mickle, and Carlolo told Jack about his promise with Major Thornburn, saying that Major Promise to stop troops at Milk River.I told Jack at this point that I thought it would be better for him to tell the young men not to hold combat demonstrations at all, and he also said it would be better for them to get off the road for a part of the way.We hadn't seen the soldiers in that place yet, and we turned back some distance from the main road, and Jack said he'd meet the soldiers when they got to Milk River (the reservation line). Neither Carlolo nor Jack knew that Thornborn's column had crossed the Milk River.After drinking the horses in the river, Thornborn decided to send a cavalry company to escort the baggage convoy along the canyon passage, while he led the rest of the troops to cross a horizontal ridge and take a shortcut.This was also an opportunity to play tricks, and this time they ran into the resentful Ute tribe, but they were led by Jack and had just evacuated from the main road in order to avoid possible encounters. At this moment, a young Ute who had gone to search first came back in a hurry, and he told Jack: The troops did not stop where they promised to stop yesterday, but drove up. Jack was extremely worried at this moment, and led a small group of soldiers under him to the high ridge. Within a few minutes, he saw the soldiers' caravan, winding along the winding avenue of sagebrush bushes, heading towards the canyon.我帶著二三十個人站在山頂上，突然間，正當面有三四十名大兵，他們一見到我們，就一個接一個散開來。一年以前，我跟克魯格將軍在一起打蘇族人，我立刻就知道了，這名軍官用那種方法把部下散開，意味著就要打仗，所以我也告訴我的人散開來。 指揮這個前衛騎兵連的軍官是截里中尉，他下令手下官兵散開後，便停兵在嶺麓，等候索恩朋少校前來。索恩朋勒馬向前了幾公尺，向嶺巔監視的印第安人揮舞軍帽，有幾個印第安人也揮手作答。 傑克等待了四五分鐘，等一位軍官作手勢會談，可是他們守住陣地不動，就像預期烏特族人會先採取行動一樣。這時，傑克後來說道：我就和另外一個印第安人出去會晤他們。截里中尉下了馬，開始朝烏特族人走過來，走不到幾步，他就揮舞軍帽，一霎時，一聲步槍響，打破了沉寂。正當我們在兩軍線間，離開一段距離時，傑克說道：一聲槍響，我說不上是哪一邊開的槍，一下子就有很多槍開火了，我曉得自己沒法兒阻擋這一仗，但還是向我的人揮著帽子，叱叫道：別開槍，我們要談判。可是他們以為我是鼓勵他們打下去。 正當戰鬥越來越激烈，也擴延到了輜重車時，這時車輛已經編成車陣防務了。遭遇戰的消息傳到管理所昆肯特（道格拉斯）那裡，他就立刻到米克爾辦公室去，告訴他大兵已經進入保留區裡了。道格拉斯有把握烏特族的戰士會同大兵拼，米克爾答道，他不相信會有什麼麻煩，然後要道格拉斯第二天早晨，跟他一起去會晤大兵。 一到下午，白河所有的烏特族人，都聽到了大兵正和他們的人在牛奶河幹起來了。其中就有十幾個人拿起步槍出來，在管理所房屋中間，見到了工作的白人開槍就打，天黑以前，他們把米克爾和八個白人員工都打死了，把三個白人婦女當成俘虜，然後逃到原賽安族一處烏特族的舊營去，沿途這三名白人婦女都受到了強暴。 這一仗在牛奶河上陸陸續續幾幾乎乎打了一個星期，烏特族三百名戰士實際上被兩百名大兵團團圍住。在第一次接火，索恩朋少校就被打死了。這一仗終結時，他的縱隊死了十二個，傷了四十三個。烏特族在這一處他們認為捨死忘生的據點，為了拯救自己的保留區免得為軍方掌握，使自己不會成為俘虜解往印第安人地方，也死了三十七個人。 在南面兩百四十公里處的洛斯比納斯管理所，夸瑞酋長聽到了這場戰事很沮喪，他曉得唯有立刻採取行動，才能拯救他的酋長地位和整個烏特族保留區，便在十月二日派了快腿發出一封信： 白河管理所烏特族各酋長、各頭目均鑒： 茲特要求及命令各位，停止對白人的敵對行為，除了保護本身生命財產，免於偷馬賊與無賴合手的無法無天行動外，不要傷害及無辜的百姓或任何其他人士；任何造次終會使所有各部落不幸。 夸瑞的這封信和騎兵增援部隊到達，使這一仗告了結束，可是要使烏特族免於不幸，卻已經為時已晚了。皮德京州長和維克斯已經把狂野暴行的報導，傳遍了科羅拉多州，很多暴行都指著是洛斯比納斯無辜的恩寇巴格里部落。他們絕大多數人平平安安在過日常生活，壓根兒不曉得白河出了什麼事兒。維克斯呼籲科羅拉多州的白人國民挺身而起，把這些紅鬼芟除淨盡，鼓勵在全州各處的鎮市鄉村，狂熱組成民兵部隊。東部來了好多的報社記者，來報導這一次刺激的新印第安人戰爭，皮德京州長決定給他們一份特別公報加以發佈： 本人認為這次事件的終結，會使科羅拉多州的打家劫舍告了一個段落；今後，白人與印第安人和平共處是不可能的事了。這次攻擊並沒有什麼挑撥，白人現在明瞭本身在州內任何地區，只要印第安人湊巧有充分力量的所在，都很容易遭受攻擊。 本人以為，除非政府把他們遷走，就必需把他們予以撲滅。在二十四小時以內，本人可以號召兩萬五千人起而保護州民。本州願以本身的支出解決印第安人的麻煩，其好處便是獲得四百八十五萬公頃的土地，開放給開礦人與居民，足以補償開支的費用而有餘。 烏特族白河部落交還了俘去的三個白人婦女，然後便是一定有的調查委員會成立了，以研究出事原因，決定罪首，和釐定懲罰。牛奶河那一仗稱為是伏襲，其實並不是的；白河管理所的事件稱為是大屠殺，其實也不是的。傑克、克洛羅和他們的從人，終於免於懲罰，立場是他們以戰士的身份參與堂堂正正的作戰。道格拉斯和在管理所的人卻給判定是謀殺犯，但卻沒有一個人能指認得出來，是哪一個烏特族人開槍打死了米克爾和所內的員工。 道格拉斯作供詞時說，他在管理所倉庫中聽到了第一聲槍響。我離開了倉庫，出來小小一段路，然後就從我在的地方，直接進入我屋子裡。我開步走進屋子裡，想到我的朋友們倒下來的情況多麼慘，使得我叫了起來。 但是米克爾太太在秘密聽證中，宣誓說道格拉斯強迫同她發生性行為，這位六十歲的酋長就給發配送到李文渥斯堡監獄裡去；他並沒有因為任何罪名被起訴、或者審判。為強姦而提起公訴會引起米克爾太太的難堪，她在那種性無能的年齡中，而這件事又涉及一個印第安人在內，就加倍使人痛恨了。 然而，對礦主、對政客來說，個人的處罰並不引起他們的興趣，他們要膺懲烏特族七個部落的全部，把他們逐出這四百八十五萬公頃土地，由他們來挖掘、築壩、砍伐森林，以便在這些過程中發大財。 理蕃局在一八八〇年，把夸瑞請到華府，為他族人的未來而辯護時，他已是奄奄一息了。他患了腎臟炎，對大眼睛舒茲、以及其他決定烏特族一定要滾官員們的願望，奉命唯謹。他們要把烏特族遷到猶塔州末世聖徒教會所不要的地方的一處新保留區裡。一八八一年八月，美國陸軍把烏塔族人趕攏在一起，由科羅拉多州出發到猶塔州，走這一段五百六十公里的長程時，夸瑞酋長死了。科羅拉多州境內，除開西南角上有一帶小小的土地，還讓烏特族南方部落居住以外，印第安人已是一掃而空。賽安族、奧拉帕荷族、基厄威族、堪馬奇族、希寇里厄族、烏特族他們都熟識州內的高山和平原，可是現在，除開他們的名稱還留在白人的土地上以外，已經沒有他們的蹤跡留下來了。