Chapter 8 Chapter 2 Marshal of the Red Army 3. Generalissimo

The three marshals in Hezhou Capital Marshal's Mansion, according to the middle class of the army, Guo Tianxu is the commander in chief, Zhang Tianyou and Zhu Yuanzhang are deputies, and all military affairs should be issued by the Marshal Du.However, firstly, Guo Tianxu was young and had no military experience, so he couldn’t come up with ideas; Zhang Tianyou was a brave man who had no decisions; , more importantly, he has his own army, which accounts for a large proportion of Guo Zixing's military power; Assistant, more and more open.In this way, although Yuan Zhang was the third in the army, he was the master and managed things, as if he was the de facto commander in chief.

Deng Yu, a native of Hong County, joined the Red Army with his father and brother at the age of sixteen. Both his father and brother were killed. Deng Yu led the troops and stood up in every battle.Chang Yuchun, from Huaiyuan, is brave and good at riding and shooting. The world is chaotic and there is no way out. He has been a robber for a while. Seeing that those leaders can only loot houses and rob houses, they are useless and useless, so they are determined to find their own way out.Both of them came to defect, Deng Yu had a team and was ordered to be the general manager of the army, and Chang Yuchun was ordered to be the forward with bravery. 【01】

The southeast of Hezhou is close to the Yangtze River, the city is small, and there are many troops stationed there.After Yuan soldiers besieged several times, although they resolutely resisted, there was a food shortage again.Across the Yangtze River, directly opposite is Taiping (now Dangtu, Anhui).Wuhu in the south of Taiping, Jiqing (now Nanjing, Jiangsu) in the northeast, and Danyang Lake in the east.Danyang Town, Gaochun, Lishui, and Xuancheng around the lake are all rice-producing areas.The troops had no food to eat, but saw that there was a warehouse of grain on the other side, but it was cut off by the Yangtze River, with raging waves and choppy waves, how could they get by without ships?Even if there are boats, it won't help if there are fewer. There must be thousands of boats. How can we build them all at once?Even if there are so many ships, how can they sail without sailors?Yuan Zhang discussed with the civil and military generals day and night, but they didn't come up with an idea.

It happened that Li Batou (Guosheng), the leader of the Chaohu water army, sent his general Yu Tonghai to discuss military matters.It turns out that after the Yingshang Red Army Uprising, Miss Jinhua, Zhao Pusheng, Li Batou and others who were disciples of Peng Yingyu in the area around Chaohu Lake responded one after another.In the twelfth year of Zhizheng, Li Patou occupied Wuwei Prefecture, and Shuangdao Zhao (Pusheng) occupied the ancient Shanzhai. He joined the uprising leaders Yu Tingyu, Tonghai, Tongyuan, Tongyuan and his son, Liao Yongan, Yongzhong brothers, Zhao Zhongzhong, Yong brothers, Sang Shijie, Zhang Desheng and others fought hard against the Yuan army.In the First World War, Miss Jinhua died in battle. Li Batou and Shuangdao Zhao retreated to Chaohu Lake and built a water village. There were more than a thousand ships of various sizes and more than 10,000 sailors. Because they were all disciples of Peng Yingyu, the water village was It is called Pengzu's house, also known as Pengzu's water village.Everyone pushed Li Batou to be the big boss, and Zhao Shuangdao took the second place.They forged a grudge against Zuo Junbi, the leader of Luzhou (now Hefei, Anhui). After many defeats, they were alone and sent for help three times.Yuanzhang was overjoyed and went to Chaohu to contact him personally, persuading him that instead of defending himself and being beaten, it is better for the two families to work together and cross the river together to find a way out.It happened to be the rainy season in May, and it rained for more than 20 days in a row, and the rivers and rivers were full of water, and the boats filed out of Chaohu Lake without any trouble.Shuangdao Zhao didn't want to partner with Yuanzhang, and led his troops to flee to Peng Yingyu on the way, and the rest of the ships arrived in Hezhou. 【02】

On the first day of June in the first year of Longfeng (the fifteenth year from Emperor Yuanshun to Zhengzheng, 1355), Yuan Zhang led Xu Da, Shao Rong, Feng Guoyong, Tang He, Chang Yuchun, Deng Yu, Geng Junyong , Mao Guang, Liao Yongan, and Li Shanchang led the land and water armies to ride the wind across the river and reach the quarry. Chang Yuchun jumped ashore and rushed to the Yuan army with a spear. , all attached.The soldiers of the Red Army were hungry for a long time. When they saw the grain animals, they were overjoyed and rushed to carry them, planning to move them back to Hezhou to enjoy them slowly.Yuanzhang discussed with Xu Da and retreated to Hezhou. There will be famine in a few days. If we don't take advantage of the situation to open up the situation, when will we wait?Determined to take advantage of the victory and go straight to peace.He ordered all the cables to be cut off, and the boat was pushed into the rapids. All of a sudden, the big and small ships went down the current, the river was empty, and the sail was gone. The army panicked and complained.Yuanzhang made people shout that the Taiping Mansion is in front of them, and their children and treasures are everything. If they are laid down, they can move back home at will.After hearing this, the sergeant went straight to Taiping City after having a full meal, conquered it with a drumbeat, and was about to kill and loot. Yuanzhang asked Li Shanchang to write a prohibition agreement in advance: no plundering is allowed, and violations of orders will be dealt with according to military law.It was posted everywhere, and a law enforcement team was sent to patrol the streets.The sergeant saw it and had to stop.If a soldier breaks the law, he will be beheaded immediately.The people along Taiping Road immediately settled down.He was also afraid that the morale of the army would be unstable, so he ordered the local rich man to donate some gold and silver to reward the soldiers, and all the armed forces were happy. 【03】

Crossing the river from Hezhou is a credit to the Chaohu Navy. Li Baotou became ambitious and planned to annex Yuanzhang's army.Sang Shijie didn't take it seriously, and couldn't dissuade him, so he secretly told Yuan Zhang that Yuan Zhang couldn't get rid of his illness.A few days later, Yuanzhang held a banquet to return the invitation. Li Batou was caught off guard, got drunk, tied his hands and feet, and threw him in the river.All the generals under Patou surrendered.Since then, Yuanzhang has a navy again. 【04】 Taiping local Confucian scholars Li Xi and Tao An led the local elders out of the city to meet the Red Army.Tao An's suggestion: Now all the heroes are rising together, attacking cities and seizing towns, and fighting each other.They only see their children's treasures in their eyes, burning, killing and looting, and they can't make a fortune.If the general can go against the actions of the heroes, don't kill people, don't plunder, don't burn houses, and take Jiqing from the east, according to the situation, send troops to the four directions, and the world can be pacified.Yuan Zhang took it very seriously, and left Tao An to be the official history of the Marshal's Mansion.It was ordered to change Taiping Road to Taiping Mansion, with Li Xi as the magistrate.The Taiping Xingguoyi Marshal's Mansion was set up, Yuanzhang himself was the Marshal, Li Shanchang was the governor of the Marshal's mansion, Pan Tingjian was the professor of the Marshal's mansion, and Wang Guangyang was the history of the Marshal's mansion.All the savings of the residents were transported into the city, and the generals were ordered to guard the gates, build the city and dredge the moors, and prepare to stick to it. 【05】

The Yuan soldiers surrounded Taiping in two ways; the waterway blocked the quarrying with large ships and blocked the return of the Red Army;Yuan Zhang personally led the strong men to refuse to defend.The new second wife, Sun, advised him to carry the gold and silver from the treasury to the city and distribute them to the generals with meritorious service to boost morale.Xu Da sent out an army, went around the enemy's back, and attacked back and forth. The Yuan army was defeated and captured Chen Yexian alive.The next day, Ye Xian's whole army surrendered, and the combined forces attacked Jiqing.

Yexian's wife was left in Taiping as a hostage, and Zhang Tianyou led his subordinates to attack Jiqing.His family was a big landlord who hated the Red Army very much. He secretly told his subordinates to pretend to be fighting and not to fight seriously. He would get away within three or two days and come back to fight the Red Army.In July, when the Red Army entered the city of Jiqing, Yuan Dynasty defender Fushou fought vigorously. Only a small half of Zhang Tianyou's men were fighting, and most of them were watching. In the end, they suffered a big defeat, and it was very boring to come back.

In September, Guo Tianxu, Zhang Tianyou and Chen Ye first joined forces and then attacked Jiqing. They surrounded Jiqing and fought for seven days.Yexian had already made an appointment with General Fushou of the Yuan Dynasty to attack inside and outside the city. He invited two marshals to a banquet for wine.The Yuan army took the opportunity to counterattack, and the Red Army was defeated, killing more than 20,000 people.Chen Ye went all out to pursue the Red Army to Liyang. The local Yuan Dynasty militiamen didn't know the details, only heard that he surrendered to the Red Army, set an ambush, and killed him.The troops were taken over by Cong Zi Zhaoxian. 【06】

After Guo and Zhang Ershuai died, Zixing's old troops were all under Yuan Zhang's command.He is now Marshal Du with the same name and reality, a general under King Xiaoming's command.Zixing's third son, Tianjue, was later appointed by King Xiaoming as Zhongshu Youcheng, and served as an official under Yuanzhang. He had no soldiers and no power. execute. 【07】 Yuanzhang led the army across the river, but Mrs. Ma and the family members of the soldiers remained in Hezhou.Hezhou is the rear base, and it must be guarded by relatives, and the soldiers' families can be taken care of, so that the soldiers can fight with peace of mind.The transportation between Hezhou and Taiping is only by water. Although Lishui, Liyang, Jurong, and some cities in Wuhu have been occupied successively in the past seven or eight months. Jiqing is isolated and surrounded on three sides, but the waterway has been cut off by the Yuan army. .It wasn't until February of the second year of Longfeng, when Yuanzhang defeated the Yuanshui army and captured all his boats, that the traffic between the two places was completely smooth, and the army's morale was stable.On the first day of March, Yuan Zhang personally led the land and water armies from Taiping to attack Jiqing three times.Chen Zhaoxian, who was stationed outside the city, was defeated and surrendered, winning 36,000 soldiers.The city of Jiqing was broken, the guard Fushou died in battle, and Marshal Kang Maocai of Shuizhai and more than 500,000 soldiers and civilians surrendered.After Yuanzhang entered the city, he convened a meeting of officials, officials, military and civilians, and declared that the politics of the Yuan Dynasty was corrupt, and troops were raised against it everywhere, and the common people had suffered enough.You are trapped in a dangerous city, worry and fear all day long, and your life is not guaranteed.I brought troops here to clear up chaos for you.Everyone should settle down to their own jobs, and don’t be suspicious; wise men and gentlemen who are willing to make contributions to me should be appointed according to courtesy; officials should not be violent and trample on the people; those who are not good to the people under the old system should be changed immediately.These words calmed people's hearts and established a normal order.The common people were very happy and congratulated each other.At present, Jiqing Road is changed to Yingtian Mansion, and Tianjian is set up to build the Grand Marshal's Mansion of the Kangyi Army. Liao Yong'an is the Marshal of the Army, and Zhao Zhong is the Marshal of Xingguoyi to guard Taiping.Confucian scholars Xia Yu, Sun Yan, Yang Xian and more than a dozen people came to see and were hired successively.After King Xiaoming got the good news, he promoted Yuanzhang to be a fellow of the Privy Council.Soon after, he was promoted to Pingzhang, the Secretary of the Central Committee of Jiangnan and other places, Li Shanchang was promoted to the left and right division Langzhong, and all the following generals were promoted to marshal. 【08】

After Yuanzhang won Yingtian, his territory centered on Yingtian, starting from Chuzhou in the west and drawing a straight line to Wuhu.From Jurong in the east to Liyang.The west side is long and the east line is short. It is an unequal shape, which looks like a rice bucket when it is placed horizontally. The west line is the bottom of the bucket, and the east line is the mouth of the bucket.The situation on all sides is: Yuan generals in the east are determined to guard Zhenjiang; Zhang Shicheng has occupied Pingjiang in the southeast, broke Changzhou, and turned to west Zhejiang; Huizhou (now She County, Anhui), another army stationed in Ningguo (now Xuancheng, Anhui); Chizhou (now Guichi, Anhui) in the west has been occupied by Xu Shouhui; in the southeast periphery, Shi Moyi, the general of the Yuan Dynasty, guards Chuzhou (now Lishui, Zhejiang) ), Shi Mohousun guarded Wuzhou (now Jinhua, Zhejiang), Song Boyan did not spend flowers guarding Quzhou (now Jianjiang Quxian).Yuanzhang's situation was small, his troops were not strong, and he was surrounded by enemies. Although there was food, the troops would not go hungry, but the military situation was very unfavorable. Fortunately, the Yuan army was fighting King Xiaoming with all its strength at this time, and could not take care of the military in Zhu Yuanzhang's area.In December of the previous year, Yuan generals lost Batulu and defeated Liu Futong in Taikang, entered Bozhou, and King Xiaoming ran to Anfeng.Chahan Timur and the Red Army moved to Henan, and for a while they couldn't spare the strength to attack the south.The power of the main force of the Red Army temporarily faded, Zhang Shicheng's front became active again, and Xu Shouhui also attacked cities and land in the Hunan-Han River Basin. The Yuan army was in danger of fighting on two fronts and was very passive.In the autumn of the second year of Longfeng, King Xiaoming's main force of the Red Army, after reorganization and replenishment, decided on the strategy of the Northern Expedition, and divided up the attack: all the way to break through Wuguan (in the east of Shangxian County, Shaanxi Province), fall into Shangzhou, attack Guanzhong (now Shaanxi Province), and conquer all the way. North of Shandong.In the second year, Liu Futong divided his troops into three groups: General Mr. Guan, Potou Pan, Feng Changjiu, Sha Liu Er, and Wang Shicheng went all the way to Shanxi and Hebei (now Shanxi and Hebei); , Mao Gui's first army went north from Shandong.The First Route Army was divided into two groups: one army went out of Jiangzhou (now Xinjiang County, Shanxi), the other went out of Qinzhou (now Qin County, Shanxi), crossed the Taihang Mountains, broke Liao and Lu (now Liao County, Shanxi, Changzhi County), and fell Ji Ning (now Taiyuan, Shanxi), attacked Baoding (now Baoding, Hebei), went down to Wanzhou (now Wanxian, Hebei), plundered Datong and Xinghe (now Datong, Shanxi, Zhangbei County, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region) tribes outside the Great Wall, captured Shangdu, and then plundered Liaoyang (now Liaoyang, Liaoning) invaded Korea, turned from northwest to northeast, and made a half circle. The Second Route Army trapped Fengxiang (now Fengxiang, Shaanxi) and Xingyuan (now Nanzheng, Shaanxi), and marched south into Sichuan; another army It fell into Ningxia again, and turned to plunder the border areas of Lingwu. The Third Route Army occupied the north and west of Shanxi and the north of Henan, captured Jizhou (now Jixian County, Hebei) in the north, and invaded Jizhou (45 miles south of Tongxian County, Beijing today), Lue Liulin (south of today's Tongxian County in Beijing, west of Huo County), is approaching Dadu. Futong personally led the army to occupy the southwest of Shandong and northern Henan, and haunted the north and south of Henan. In May of the fourth year of Longfeng, he captured Bianliang (now Kaifeng, Henan) ), build the capital city, and welcome King Xiaoming to establish the capital. 【09】Wherever the Red Army went, they could attack and win every battle. A nursery rhyme at the time described: The whole city was on fire, the government officials scattered and hid, there was no one in the city, and the Red Army sat in the mansion. 【10】 In the past two or three years, the Red Army drove deep, fought thousands of miles, and circled back and forth. The main army of the Yuan Dynasty exhausted all its strength to resist and attack, and its military strength was greatly weakened. Moreover, the enemy was present, so it could not take care of the new small leader of the Red Army in the southeast. up.Zhu Yuanzhang took advantage of the period when the Yuan army was unable to go south, gradually consolidated the base area, expanded its strength, gradually eliminated the scattered forces and separatists of the Yuan Dynasty, and opened up territory.Although his geographical location is said to be surrounded by enemies in the southeast, but in terms of the whole country, and the situation of confrontation with the main force of the Yuan Dynasty, there are three separatist regimes in the middle, Zhang Shicheng in the east, King Xiaoming in the north, and King Xiaoming in the west. The front is Xu Shouhui. Although the east and west are enemy countries, wars are inevitable, but they have played a role in isolating the main force of the Yuan Dynasty from attacking.After King Xiaoming's military power was wiped out by the Yuan Dynasty, both parties suffered losses, and the Yuan Dynasty's military power was also exhausted.On the contrary, during this period, Zhu Yuanzhang achieved the military achievements of the isolated, isolated, and scattered Yuan army in the south and southeast periphery. With a vast land and people, and sufficient financial resources, his army has become a force from the battle. The most powerful military force that has been trained and organized can fight tough battles with the Yuan army. In the military situation in this bucket-shaped area, if Zhenjiang in the east falls into the hands of Zhang Shicheng, it can directly attack Yingtian, and if Ningguo in the south is occupied by Xu Shouhui, it is like a sharp knife in your back, and the relationship is very important.To ensure Yingtian's safety, it is necessary to obtain these two strongholds.Yuanzhang settled down in Yingtiancai, so he sent Xu Da to lead his troops to capture Zhenjiang, divided his troops to occupy Jintan, Danyang and other counties, and stretched out a tentacles to the east.In June, Deng Yu was sent to attack Guangde Road and secure the back door.When dispatching troops, in order to rectify the discipline of the army, I discussed with Xu Da, deliberately found out Xu Da's fault, and tied the king's order card to be sentenced to death.Tell them face to face, this time to send troops to capture the city, not to burn houses, not to rob property, not to kill people.Only then will the merit be defeated.When Xu Da broke Zhenjiang, his orders were serious, and the people were quiet, living and doing business as usual, as if they had never fought a war.The other towns were relieved when they heard that Zhu Pingzhang's army did not kill people and had good military discipline.This reputation spread throughout, and Yuanzhang's military success and consolidation were guaranteed, and the Yuan army and some landlord armies were isolated. After that, one victory after another, the territory expanded day by day.Economic power and military power have also become stronger day by day. 【11】Then dispatch the generals to conquer Changxing and Changzhou, and personally conquer Ningguo.It also successively occupied Jiangyin, Changshu, Chizhou, Huizhou, Yangzhou and other places. During the third year of Longfeng, it took down all the strategic strongholds around Yingtian and used them as outposts for outward development.In terms of strategy, draw a straight line from Jiangyin in the east to Changxing along Taihu Lake to form a line of defense to block Zhang Shicheng's access to the west; station troops in Ningguo and Huizhou to arrange the steps to enter eastern Zhejiang; the west line and Tianwan ( Xu Shouhui's country title) is connected to the border, adopting a strategy of defense as offensive; the north is friendly, and only a small number of troops can be used to suppress the area.Yuanzhang saw the surrounding situation clearly, concentrated his strength, attacked its weak point, first stretched out his fist in the south, and wiped out the Yuan army in eastern Zhejiang, which was completely isolated from the headquarters and was isolated and helpless. The situation was very different from a year ago. Yuanzhang understood the benefits of reading, because many successes and failures of his ancestors were written on it.There is no way to gain these experiences without reading.He also suffers from the fact that he doesn't read much, and he doesn't understand a lot of truths. Therefore, he respects learned scholars very much.I also know that scholars can give ideas and do things for others.These Confucian scholars, whoever respects them, gives them face, benefits, feeds them well, will do things for them. This method is called nurturing scholars, and it has been effective since ancient times.If he wanted to establish his own foundation well and manage the land he occupied, he had to support scholars.Moreover, if you don’t support them, Confucian scholars go to the enemy’s side or gather landlords to resist with arms. The result can only be to weaken yourself and strengthen the enemy, which is very harmful.Moreover, Confucian scholars possessed knowledge and had prestige in the local area. The common people were afraid of the government, so they had to seek advice from Confucian scholars for everything; economically, Confucian scholars were in the position of small and medium landlords, and they had many tenants, who dared not refuse to listen to them. As for the landowners, there are many connections between Confucian scholars and ordinary people. If they are raised, the ordinary people will be able to take care of them.Therefore, whenever we occupy a new place, we must visit the Confucian scholars in this place. We use soft and hard methods. local governor.When conquering Huizhou, the old Confucian Zhu Sheng told Yuan Zhang three words: build walls high, accumulate grain widely, and become king slowly.It means that he should first consolidate the rear, secondly develop production, and thirdly narrow down the target. Long-term planning will have a great impact on Yuanzhang's later career. 【12】 Soon after crossing the river, they encountered the difficulty of food shortage.This is due to the fact that in the past few years there have been wars everywhere, most of the strong rural men have joined the army, and there is a great shortage of labor on the land; in addition, because of the damage caused by the war, the dykes have been in disrepair, the cattle have been slaughtered, and the grain production has declined.Yuanzhang's army stationed in various places had to adopt the method of forced requisition, posting big bills everywhere, recruiting rural people to pay for food and grass, which is called village food.The more grain collected by the peasants was confiscated, the enthusiasm for production was low, and they were too lazy to cultivate intensively. As a result, the grain output decreased even more, and the army was even more hungry. 【13】This situation is universal. The Tsingyi Army in Yangzhou even used people as food. [14] When Zhu Yuanzhang's army was marching, the soldiers on the expedition did not pay for food. According to Yuanzhang's military order: whoever enters the enemy's territory, obey the food.If you attack the city and he resists, let the officers and men seize it, and listen to it as your own.If it surrenders, it will make the people safe and take nothing.In this way, everyone will strive forward, be invincible in attack and invincible in battle. [15] Send food is village food.The origin of the term "Qiankuo" comes from the Miao army at the same time, and the Miao army relied on "Qiankuo" to supply them when they fought.Checking Kuo means copying and looting, but it is heavier, so heavy that nothing is left behind. [16] Hu Dahai and Chang Yuchun successively put forward their opinions, thinking that the method of stockading grain is not feasible: the consolidation of the regime in the occupied areas mainly depends on the support of the people, and the grain and taxes are all paid by the common people, and there is no amount of grain. Carrying food, the common people can't stand it, it's not a long-term solution.After thinking about it, Yuanzhang worked out an old method with his staff. In order to accumulate grain widely, in addition to the common people paying a little, the troops had to do the production themselves.There are examples of farming in ancient books, which is a good experience.In the past few years, there have been wars and turmoil, and the dikes and dams of the farmland dikes have been destroyed, and the common people cannot afford to repair them.In February of the fourth year of Longfeng, Marshal Kang Maocai was appointed as the field envoy of the Dushui camp. He was asked to be responsible for the construction of water conservancy and to patrol various places so that the highlands were not afraid of drought and the lowlands were not afraid of waterlogging. He also assigned generals to reclaim wasteland in various places, and established regulations to determine rewards and punishments based on the amount of production, and to farm and fight. In addition to providing the army's salary, there must also be food reserves.A year later, Kang Maocai's village got 15,000 shi of grain and 7,000 shi of surplus grain.Yuan Zhang ordered a commendation, pointing out that to solve the problem of food shortage, reduce the burden on farmers, strengthen the army and have enough food, we must do a good job in farming.After a few years, the villages were built everywhere, the warehouses were full, and the army food was enough.In May of the sixth year of Longfeng, it was only in May that the prefectures and counties were banned from expropriating village grain. The farmers were very happy.With more water conservancy repairs, food production has also increased accordingly.In the same year when the battalion envoys were set up, the militia was also set up to lead the Wanhu Mansion, and some strong men were selected from the people to organize the militia. They farmed during the farming season and practiced battle formations in their free time, as a force to maintain local peace. In war, on the one hand, the combat force and the production force are integrated into one, and on the other hand, the defending local armed forces are separated from the offensive combat forces. This not only strengthens the productivity, but also strengthens the combat effectiveness at the same time.This act explained why all the heroes at that time failed one after another, but the reason why Zhu Yuanzhang, who came up later, succeeded. 【17】 The external military threat has been lifted, and the internal grain production has also been found. Yuanzhang's offensive spearhead immediately points to the eastern and western barns of Zhejiang Province, which are fertile and rich in grain and silk.First take the counties in southern Anhui. When passing through Huizhou from Ningguo, I heard that the local Confucian Tang Zhongshi was very knowledgeable, so I talked to him and asked Han Gaozu, Emperor Guangwu, Tang Taizong, Song Taizu, and Yuan Shizu all unified the whole country. What is the reason?Tang Zhongshi said: These emperors don't like to kill people randomly, so they can achieve unity.Now that you have captured the city, the army is disciplined and the people are at peace. This is a great thing.However, I also want to say that although the common people feel relieved, they still have no confidence in production and the burden is still heavy.Yuan Zhang said: "You are right."I have little savings and a lot of expenses, so I have to take a little more from the common people. There is no other way.I often think of letting the common people breathe a sigh of relief and rest with the people. I must keep this in mind. [18] Changed from Jiande Road, Huizhou, to Yanzhou Prefecture.The vanguard reached the Pujiang River in the east, forming a situation of surrounding Wuzhou from the side. In December of the fourth year of Dragon and Phoenix, Yuan Zhang personally commanded an army of 100,000, and a gold medal was hung on the military flag, engraved with the words "Fengtian Dutong Zhonghua".After the siege, Wang Zongxian, a Confucian scholar from his hometown, said that the guards in the city had their own hearts, and the guards surrendered the city the next day.Yuanzhang set up Zhongshu Xindong Province in Wuzhou, and built two big yellow flags at the gate of the province, which read: The mountains and rivers have the land of China, and the sun and the moon reopen the Great Song Dynasty.There are two wooden signs on both sides, which read: Nine days, the sun and the moon open the zodiac, and the treasure map of the Song Dynasty. [19] As soon as they entered the city, they were ordered to prohibit the soldiers from plundering. A relative who accompanied Zhiyin Huang robbed the people's property and immediately beheaded the order.A few days later, a meeting of generals was convened, affirming military discipline and saying: To pacify the world, benevolence and righteousness must be respected, and military power alone cannot win the support of the people.Fighting and occupying the city requires the use of soldiers, and stabilizing the hearts of the people requires the use of benevolence.Go to Jiqing in the past, so that there is no crime in autumn, and the people like it very much.This time Wuzhou is newly occupied, and the people are safe and secure. We must take care of them carefully so that the people are willing to surrender, so that other counties and counties will hear the news and surrender.Every time I hear that the generals go down to a city, win a county, and don't kill people randomly, I like it very much.The common people like lenient politics, and a general who can keep people from killing people is good for the country and himself.If you can do this, you will be able to make contributions and bring peace to the world. 【20】 Wuzhou has been the center of Neo Confucianism for more than two hundred years, and many famous scholars were born, named Xiao Zou Lu.After years of war, schools were closed, Confucian scholars scattered, and no one paid attention to learning.Yuan Zhang hired thirteen famous local scholars to explain scriptures and history for him.To establish county schools, scholars are invited to learn and teach.Ye Yi and Song Lian from Jinhua were appointed as teachers of the Five Classics, and Fan Zuqian was appointed as a counselor. Song Lian was a famous literati at that time.He came into contact with Confucianism and was influenced by Song Confucianism. [21] This kind of ideology serves the interests of the feudal ruling class. Yuan Zhang found it very useful and studied it seriously. In May of the fifth year of Longfeng, King Xiaoming promoted Yuanzhang to be Prime Minister Zuo of Zhongshu Province in Jiangnan and other departments of Yitong Sansi. [22] In August, the Yuan general Chahan Timur captured Bianliang, and Liu Futong retreated to Baoanfeng after King Xiaoming.Yuanzhang's Zhedong garrison successively occupied Zhuji, Quzhou and Chuzhou, and the isolated Yuan army strongholds in the southeast were wiped out one after another.His territory thus became bordered by Zhang Shicheng in the east and north, Chen Youliang in the west, Fang Guozhen in the southeast, and Chen Youding in the south.Comparing the neighboring enemy countries, Zhang Shicheng is the richest and Chen Youliang is the strongest. Fang Guozhen and Chen You are determined to protect the land and separatist regime, and have no ambitious plans.Therefore, Yuanzhang's military plan adapted to the new military situation and changed its focus, adopting a strategy of taking the defensive in the southeast and taking the offensive in the northeast and west.Compared with Zhang Shicheng and Chen Youliang, Shicheng came from a private salt dealer, he was preoccupied, worried, and suspicious.Youliang was born in fishing, used to live in wind and waves, with great ambition and high desire, one is conservative and prudent, the other is adventurous and enterprising.In this way, the offensives on the northeast and west fronts were prioritized. For Shicheng, the defense was the offensive, and the Jiangyin, Changzhou, and Changxing strongholds were strangled with elite soldiers, so that Shicheng could not go further west; Offensive is defensive, so Youliang has to disperse his troops and garrison fortresses that may be attacked, and cannot concentrate his troops.Yuanzhang distinguished different enemies and used different tactics to gain active and favorable military advantages. Although most of the eastern part of Zhejiang has been pacified, the famous local wealthy families Ye Chen, Zhang Yi, Liu Ji and others are still hiding in the mountains and refuse to come out.Yuanzhang sent people to invite them. They were all landlords who opposed the Red Army. Although they had armed forces, they were too small and weak to resist. Of course they would not do anything for the Red Army.Ye Chen is from Lishui, in Yuanjiang Shimoyisun shogunate, marshal of the government and province; Zhang Yi, from Longquan, is a second disciple of Xu Qian, the master of Neo Confucianism, organized village soldiers to fight and/organized village soldiers and Qi and Huang Hongjun Combat, tired officials in the Marshal's Mansion of Eastern Zhejiang Province.Yuanzhang was in Pingzhou, Ye Chen and Zhang Yi avoided Fujian. 【23】Liu Ji was from a wealthy family in Qingtian. He was admitted as a Jinshi during the Zhishun period of the Yuan Dynasty, and served as Gao Ancheng, the vice-president of Confucianism in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, and other officials.After Fang Guozhen raised his army, the province recommended Liu Ji as the capital of the Marshal's Mansion, and Yuan general Shi Moyi and Sun Shouzhou.Liu Ji advocated the use of military force to put down Fang Guozhen. Fang Guozhen bribed the dignitaries in Beijing.The landlords were afraid of being harassed by Fang Guozhen, so they all came to seek refuge. Liu Ji organized a militia, and Fang's army dared not invade.He was utterly loyal to the Yuan Dynasty, but the Yuan Dynasty did not use him. He was full of complaints and wrote many poems, such as one of the four poems "Ci Yun and Meng Bo Zhen Gan Xing": Usually, thieves rise to become clouds, and the rich salary can be worthy of the common people, and the high-end temples are built from the high corridors, and the economy does not use grass-roots people. "Second Rhyme Zhang Deping Sees Send": Jia Yi played the book mourning and crying, who will say that Qu Yuan's heart is suffering? Three pieces of "Gan Xing": The universe is full of banners and flags, who asks about picking weeds? Comparing Jia Yi and Qu Yuan, complaining that the government of the Yuan Dynasty didn't use grass grass, and didn't ask about picking weeds, I feel sorry for myself.He insulted the Red Army as thieves and bandits, and was extremely dissatisfied with the military discipline of the Yuan Dynasty army, as in "Worrying": Groups of thieves roam half of Kyushu, when will they stop fighting?Officials and Caos each have their own livelihoods, why did the generals ever seek for the country!The tiger seals off the wolf and recommends food, the farmer Tian's father begs hard, and the strong and the weak need to beg for it, no wonder no one borrows chopsticks! For example, the poem "Ci Yun and Shi Mo Gong Chun Qing": Where are the red eyebrows and green calf? Don't be crazy about the white horse and yellow scarf. The generals are missing like a forest, and the achievements of Taiping are hopeless. Zhu Yuanzhang's uprising was directly denounced as a thief, such as "Ci Yun and Meng Bozhen Feeling Interested": In the five years of Jianghuai hundred battlefields, Qiankun's eyes are always hurt. It has been heard that there are more thieves than ants, but the officers and soldiers are as violent as wolves. "Wen Gaoyou pays money into a slogan": I heard that Gaoyou had withdrawn from the siege, but I was worried that Huaidian had not all returned. Sheng Chaoya focuses on soft strategies, and the generals should know that plundering is wrong. 【twenty four】 Both Jianghuai and Huaidian refer to Zhu Yuanzhang. The Holy Dynasty is of course the Yuan Dynasty. Liu Ji's position, thoughts and feelings are very firm and clear.But Zhu Yuanzhang is also very firm. To ensure the stability of the local order in eastern Zhejiang, he must first take this character for his own use. Sun Yan, the governor of Chuzhou, was ordered to invite him repeatedly, but Liu Ji still refused to come out, so Sun Yan wrote a letter A long letter of several thousand words, repeatedly explaining the advantages and disadvantages, summed up in one sentence, just don't come out.Tao An and Song Lian also wrote to persuade them to apply for the job, but there was really no other way, so the three finally arrived in Yingtian in March. 【25】When Liu Ji left Qingtian, someone advised him to take his troops with him, but he refused to listen. He handed over the troops to his brother Liu Bi and his family members to lead them, and asked them to guard the land and guard against Fang Guozhen's attack. [26] After arriving in Yingtian, Yuanzhang was overjoyed and built a special hall for the sages as the residence of the sages. 【27】These people were all landlords, they were all officials in the Yuan Dynasty, they were all rich local gentry, and they were also military leaders.Inheriting the tradition of Song Confucianism ideologically, resolutely safeguarding the old system and the old order, hating the Red Army, calling the Red Army demon bandits, red bandits, and red thieves. 【28】In terms of action, organize the landlord army, establish township soldiers and volunteer soldiers, build fortresses, defend property and property, and help the Yuan Dynasty government resist the Red Army.It was not until the Yuan Dynasty's military power in eastern Zhejiang was completely wiped out that it lost its support, fearing that the Red Army would not be compatible, so it had no choice but to flee the valley.After Yuanzhang sent people to hire people many times, it was clear that it was not an old account. As long as he was willing to come out, he could not only save his family, but also be an official and work together to rule the world.They figured out that the new regime was not against the landlords, on the contrary, it was completely consistent with their own class interests, and a stone fell from their hearts. Coupled with Yuanzhang's attention and preferential treatment to them, they listened to their opinions. Because of his opinions, he was determined to be Zhu Yuanzhang's official.Soon, Li Wenzhong also recommended Confucian scholars Xu Yuan, Wang Tianxi, and Wang Yi to be in the Rixian Hall.They counted on relying on Zhu Yuanzhang's strong military power to establish a unified country and enjoy a peaceful and stable life; they counted on the new regime to continue to maintain the feudal order, culture, and habits of more than a thousand years, and to maintain and develop the interests of the landlord class.In the past, they resolutely cooperated with the Yuan government to resist the Red Army because of these demands, and now it is precisely because Zhu Yuanzhang seems to be able to fulfill these demands.In turn, they cooperated with Yuanzhang to carry out the national struggle to overthrow the Yuan Dynasty.As far as Zhu Yuanzhang was concerned, due to the cooperation and support of some old landlord classes, the resistance of the Yuan Dynasty was gradually reduced; due to the attachment of Liu Ji and other landlord leaders, local order and stability were also guaranteed.Later, in the third year of Hongwu (1370 A.D.), Liu Ji was awarded the title of Bachelor of Hongwen Museum, which clearly stated: At the beginning of my personal visit to Zhejiang, Erji Muyi.And when I return to my teacher, I will come and go in person.At that time, the people of Kuocang (Chuzhou) were not yet convinced that when Er Laoqing arrived, the mountains would become clearer and peaceful. 【29】In this way, with the military victory and the expansion of the occupied area, more and more landlord class intellectuals participated, and Zhu Yuanzhang's military power became stronger and stronger, and he won more and greater victories.At the same time, although most of Yuanzhang's generals were Ming believers and had a strong hatred for the old landlord class, with the political status gained through military victories, the generals themselves had also changed from peasant land to slaves and other wealth. The class has transformed into a new landlord class, and the class composition has changed.The cooperation of a part of the old landlord class and the growth of the new landlord class fundamentally and gradually changed the nature of Zhu Yuanzhang's regime. This regime is no longer the original peasant class regime, but gradually transformed into a landlord class regime.This regime began to deteriorate when Li Shanchang, Tao An, and Li Xi joined in. After Liu Ji, Song Lian, Ye Chen, Zhang Yi and other landlords participated in a large number, the process of deterioration became more rapid.The nature of political power has gradually changed, and the goal of the struggle must also change accordingly. In this way, the content of class struggle was cancelled, and the new regime had to consider all issues from the interests of the landlord class itself, and the interests of the peasant class had to be subordinate to the interests of the landlord class.On the other hand, the slogan of national struggle was placed in a prominent and important position, and the landlords, peasants and intellectuals with national consciousness were won and united by anti-Yuan, thereby accelerating the achievement of overall victory.Yuan Zhang was determined to win the cooperation of the landlord class and the support of the Confucianism theory of the feudal ruling class to strengthen and establish his own foundation.His military power in King Xiaoming was still quite strong. When the northern line could still protect him and contain the Yuan army, he had a relationship with Song as a monarch and minister, and he used the emperor's imperial decree to issue orders; After the army was wiped out, his attitude suddenly changed. He completely stood on the standpoint of the landlord class, and publicly denounced the Red Army as monsters and bandits in writing and verbally.He talked about Confucius and Mencius, and he pretended to be a defender of restoring the old feudal order and preserving the old feudal culture.Since then, he has further accepted the profound influence of these intellectuals of the old feudal landlord class, and his ideological style has become increasingly opposed to that of the Song Dynasty, and he has become closer to Confucianism, which served the interests of the feudal ruling class. 【30】 Notes from the original book: 01: "Ming History" Volume 125 "Chang Yuchun Biography", Volume 126 "Deng Yu Biography" 02: Volume 2 and Volume 18 of "Records of Emperor Taizu of Ming Dynasty", "Benji of the Dynasty", Volume 2 of "A Brief History of Heroes in the Early Kingdom of China", King Chuyang, Gao Dai's "Hongyoulu.Dragon Flies Huaidian", "History of the Ming Dynasty" Volume 133 "Biography of Liao Yongan", "Biography of Yu Tonghai" 03: "Emperor's Honor" 04: "Deeds of the Beginning of the Country" 05：《國初事蹟》，《明太祖實錄》卷三 06：《國初事蹟》，《明太祖實錄》卷三，《國初群雄事略》卷二滁陽王，陳基《夷白齋稿》卷十《南台御史西夏永年公勳德詩序》：至正十六年五月，淮西寇渡江，攻陷太平，縱兵四劫，潛趣集慶，攻南門。秋七月，賊復至，又敗之。九月，賊大至，圍城四面，凡七日。先是淮西義兵元帥陳埜先率其徒渡江，屯集慶城南之板橋，行台用言者計，命埜先與官軍並征太平。埜先陷城，賊質其妻子，使為先鋒，務必取集慶。埜先素服公威信，輸密款，願擒首賊自效，眾皆疑其詐，公獨決聽之無惑，令俾官軍與埜先表裏合攻，遂生擒偽元帥郭、張二人及其餘偽官甚眾，殺死者無算。因乘勝逐北，鼓行趣太平，且旦暮克復，而埜先為鄉兵誤殺，舉痛惜之。 07：《國初群雄事略》卷二滁陽王 08：《國初事蹟》，《明太祖實錄》卷四，《國初群雄事略》卷二滁陽王 09：《庚申外史》，陸深《平胡錄》，《國初群雄事略》卷一《宋小明王》，《明史）卷一百二十二韓林兒傳 10：《輟耕錄》卷九《松江官號》 11：《皇朝本紀》，《明太祖實錄》卷四 12：《明史》卷一百三十六《朱升傳》 13：《國初事蹟》 14：《輟耕錄》卷《想肉》，《明太祖實錄》卷五 15：《國初事蹟》 16：《輟耕錄》卷《志苗》 17：《明太祖實錄》卷六，卷八，卷十二 18：夏燮《明通鑒》 19：《國初群雄事略》卷一《宋小明王》引俞本《記事錄》。《國初事蹟》作：於南城豎大旗，上寫山河奄有中華地，日月重開大統天，大宋作大統。大統無意義，顯然是後來竄改的。 20：《明太祖實錄》卷六、卷七 21：《明太祖實錄》卷六，《明史》卷一百二十八《宋濂傳》 22：《國初事蹟》，《國初群雄事略》卷一《宋小明王》 23：《明史》卷一二八葉琛、章溢傳 24：劉基《誠意伯文集》卷十六 25：《明史》卷二百八十九《孫炎傳》 26：《誠意伯文集》，吳伯生《誠意伯劉公行狀》 27：《國初禮賢錄》，《明太祖實錄》卷八 28：徐勉《保越錄》，陳基《夷白齋稿精忠廟碑》 29：《誠意伯文集》 30：吳晗《讀史劄記》《明教與明朝》