Chapter 9 Chapter 3 From Wu Guogong to Wu Wangyi, the decisive battle at Poyang Lake

Peng Yingyu, the leader of the Maitreya sect, fled to the Huaixi area after the failure of the Yuanzhou Uprising from Emperor Shundi to the fourth year of the Yuan Dynasty. Relying on the cover of the local people, Peng Yingyu secretly spread teachings, organized armed forces, and prepared for a larger-scale uprising.This man has firm beliefs, courage, eloquence, and is good at organizing, propagating and agitating. When he lived with farmers, he often talked with farmers, told the sufferings of the people, and pointed out that the Yuan Dynasty government would definitely be overthrown by the organized people. Give hope and confidence to the suffering people.Although he used religious language, mixed with a lot of superstition and backward content, but if there is a revolution, only the revolution will have a way out. This point is clear and can be understood and supported by the majority of the people.He worked hard underground for fourteen years, and thousands of poor people united around him.In the eleventh year of Zhengzheng, he, Macheng Zou Pusheng, an ironworker, and Ni Wenjun, a fisherman, organized the Western Red Army and raised the banner of revolution.Zou Pusheng has outstanding physical strength, is loyal, makes friends in the world, and is very prestigious.Ni Wenjun is a hero on the water. Fishermen, like poor peasants, have to pay fish tax and boat tax. They are taxed like this and taxed like that all the time. They are so exploited that they can’t stand it. After hunting down, he led the crowd to resist, defeated the officers and soldiers, and became the leader of the uprising in the Huangpi area.

Xu Shouhui is a cloth vendor in Luotian, also known as Zhenyi and Shinichi.The cloth dealer often travels between the city and the countryside. He is very popular and has made many friends.He was also tall, tall and majestic, with outstanding appearance. When he joined the sect, Peng Yingyu promoted him as the leader, saying that he was born under Maitreya Buddha and should be the master of the world.In August of this year, everything was ready, so they burned incense and vowed to fight against Yuan.In September, Qishui and Huangzhou Road were occupied, and Qishui was the capital city. It was named after the Lotus Terrace, the pure land in the west, and it was named Liantai Province. [01] Li Shouhui is the emperor, the country name is Tianwan, and the year name is Zhiping.The troops were divided into two groups, one led by Zou Pusheng and Ni Wenjun, occupying Hanyang, Wuchang, Anlu, Jiangling, Mianyang, Yuezhou and other places; Led to conquer Jiangzhou (now Jiujiang, Jiangxi), Raozhou (now Poyang, Jiangxi), Xinzhou (now Shangrao, Jiangxi), Yuanzhou, Huizhou.In July of the twelfth year of Zhengzheng, the troops from Rao and Hui were concentrated, entered Yuling Pass, and took Hangzhou Road.The territory of Tianwan expanded to present-day Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, southern Anhui and northwestern Zhejiang.This army is well-disciplined, does not kill civilians, does not rape or plunder, and recites the name of Maitreya Buddha.Every time a city is conquered, the names of the people who belong to it will be registered, and each order will settle down, and only the gold and silk in the government treasury will be transported away as military expenses, which is very popular among the people. 【02】The prestige of Patriarch Peng frightened the local officials of the Yuan Dynasty.

Peng Yingyu went to Huizhou and Hangzhou, and divided his troops to take the counties of western Zhejiang and eastern Zhejiang. When the troops were scattered, they were suddenly attacked by the Yuan army.After the capture of Anfeng, the main force of this Yuan army was about to attack Haozhou. On the way, it received an emergency military order to return to the south of the Yangtze River. Before Peng Yingyu had a firm foothold in Hangzhou, the army was lonely. They took advantage of the false attack and the Red Army was defeated. Peng Yingyu, Xiang Jia He died in battle, and Hangzhou and Huizhou were occupied by the Yuan army. 【03】

The main reason for Peng Yingyu's failure is that the future heaven of Maitreya is a fantasy, a myth, and a superstition. The ruling class hit hard.However, it believes that once the feudal ruling dynasty is overthrown, there will be no need to work hard or carry out revolutionary struggles, and the expected paradise on earth will appear.Under the guidance of this kind of lazy man who waits for the good days with his hands tied up, after capturing the cities, he only distributes grain to the poor, carries gold and silk back to his hometown, attracts more poor farmers and homeless people to strengthen his team, and then captures new lands. In this way, it is impossible to consolidate and develop the fruits of victory obtained, and it is even more impossible to solve the class contradictions existing in the society at that time and establish a new society.

Secondly, although the strength of the Red Army in various places is very large, there has never been a unified command and overall military dispatch. Each has its own strength and each fights in its own place. 【04】Song and Tianwan's armies fought alone. Although they weakened the Yuan Dynasty's military strength in individual battles, they could not support each other and cooperate with each other in the overall battle situation to achieve decisive victories. Internal conflicts occur that offset and weaken one's own strength.Therefore, in the struggle against the decadent rule of the Yuan Dynasty, when the Red Army's forces are concentrated, it is easy to win victory. On the contrary, when the Red Army's forces are scattered, it is also very easy to suffer defeat. Victory is quick, and defeat is also fast. Although it takes up a lot of space, it cannot be defended or consolidated.The third is that the land in Jiangsu and Zhejiang is particularly concentrated. There are a large number of big landlords and a strong army, which stubbornly resisted the Red Army. 【05】

Although Peng Yingyu died, his fame and deeds are still sung and sung by the peasants in Huaixi, Qi and Huang areas. Historians who recorded the Red Army uprising also described his activities in fragments. 【06】Fourteen years later, the Maitreya believers in Luotian County counterfeited his name, cast seals, and set up officials to resist Zhu Yuanzhang's rule. [07] In the sixth year of Hongwu (1373 A.D.), someone in Luotian County claimed that Maitreya Buddha was born and passed on the name of the Buddha. [08] Qizhou Maitreya believers burn incense and gather together. [09] They were all hunted and killed by Ming soldiers, which shows that their influence has penetrated deeply into people.

Xu Shouhui was promoted as the emperor because of his popularity and good looks. He was mediocre, lacking talent and knowledge.After Peng Yingyu died, she lost her support and became more and more at a loss.He thought Qishui was not prosperous enough, so he moved his capital to Hanyang.Prime Minister Ni Manzi (Wen Jun) holds the military power, and Shouhui controls him, so he has no real power.In the seventh year of Zhiping (the seventeenth year from Yuan to Zhengzheng, 1357 A.D.), Shouhui conspired with the left and right to get rid of Ni Wenjun. Ni Wenjun also planned to murder Shouhui. He was reported and led his troops to Huangzhou.Chen Youliang, a general of the Wenjun Department, was born in Mianyang. He came from a fishing background and made a living. He was strong and skilled in martial arts.Worked as a post in the county, disagreed with the superiors, was repeatedly punished, became angry and defected to the Red Army, made military exploits, and became the leading marshal.Wen Jun fled to Huangzhou, which was his defense area. He used tactics to attack and kill Wen Jun, seized the army, and called himself Pingzhang.Invade Anqing, Chizhou, and Nanchang to the east, and border with Zhu Yuanzhang.The two armies confront each other, and each battle wins and loses.In May of the sixth year of Longfeng, Chen Youliang took Xu Shouhui's army to capture Taiping, and Yuanzhang's guard, Hua Rong, died in battle.Chen Youliang entered the quarry, full of ambition, thinking that he could occupy Yingtian soon, and ordered people to kill Shouhui. When he couldn't choose a day and place, he took the quarry Wutong Temple as his hall, in the storm, That is to say, the throne of the emperor, the name of the country is Han, and the name of the year is changed to Dayi, and there are all Jiangxi and Huguang. 【10】

Among the heroes, Chen Youliang has the strongest military strength, the broadest territory, and the greatest ambition.Zhu Yuanzhang was in Yingtian, and he went down the river with friendship. Seeing Yuanzhang as a chicken in a cage, he took it with him.Send envoys to meet with Zhang Shicheng, attack from east to west, and carve up Zhu Yuanzhang's territory.The big ship of the Youliang Navy is named Hunjianglong. It plugs the river, knocks down mountains, Jianghaiao, etc. There are more than 100 ships, and there are hundreds of warships.Yingtian's civil servants and generals were all panicked. Some advocated surrender;Talking all over the place, it was a mess.The timid one actually tidied up his things behind his back, thinking about where he would go after the city was broken. 【11】

After Liu Ji arrived in Yingtian, Yuan Zhang asked him for his opinion on the military situation. Liu Ji analyzed the situation in the east and west and said: Zhang Shicheng is dirty and has no ambitions.The main dangerous enemy is Chen Youliang. He has a large fleet of elite soldiers, and according to my upstream, he is ambitious.Faced with such a situation, it is necessary to take the initiative in the military. Focus on the main enemy and concentrate on eliminating Chen Youliang first.Then take the Central Plains in the north and become a king.After hearing this, Yuan Zhang praised him very much.

After the alarm of Chen Youliang's going east came, Yuan Zhang and Liu Ji secretly discussed in the bedroom: Surrender is not the answer, and escape is not the answer. The only way out now is to firmly resist.There are two methods of resistance: one is to fight on two fronts at the same time, taking into account both the east and the west, and use half of your own troops to deal with Chen Youliang's entire army. , make a fatal blow, and after victory, return to the division to deal with the other line. This is still a two-line battle. The difference is that all your forces concentrate on attacking all the enemy's forces, first defeating one, and then evenly attack the other. one.The point is only to gain the military initiative.The two carefully studied the situation on the two fronts, and concluded that the main enemy was Chen Youliang. In terms of military strength, Chen Youliang was strong and weak, in terms of morale, Chen was prosperous and discouraged, and in terms of naval forces, there were many and few. Alone, even attacking is impossible. 【12】

To attack Chen Jun first, it is best to let him attack first to create a favorable opportunity.Kang Maocai and Chen Youliang, generals of the Yuanzhang Ministry, were old friends, and Maocai's old concierge also served Chen Youliang.Maocai was ordered to make the old concierge sneak into the Youliang Army, brought Maocai's handwritten letter of surrender, and also told a lot of false military information, willing to use his own army and Youliang to cooperate with the inside and outside, and persuaded Youliang to divide the troops into three ways to go straight should day.Youliang was very happy, and asked General Kang where he was now, and said that he was guarding the Jiangdong Bridge. He asked whether it was a stone bridge or a wooden bridge, and the answer was a wooden bridge.Make an appointment with your friend Liang to march into Jiangdong Bridge in person, and call Lao Kang as a signal. 【13】 Chen Youliang's marching route and the distribution of military forces have been clarified.On the one hand, Yuanzhang mobilized Hu Dahai to attack Guangxin (now Shangrao, Jiangxi Province) to disrupt Youliang's retreat;The Jiangdong Bridge was turned into a stone bridge overnight, and everything was ready, just waiting for Youliang to throw himself into the trap. Yuan Zhang personally commanded from the high point on the top of Lulong Mountain, prescribed the signal, and found that the enemy raised the red flag, and the ambushes raised the yellow flag.Youliang excitedly led the main force to Jiangdong Bridge, saw that it was Dashiqiao, knew that he had been cheated, was shocked, half of his spirit was frustrated, even called Lao Kang, but no one answered, he became more and more frightened.While hesitating, the yellow flag was waving on the mountain, and the ambushes shouted loudly and attacked bravely, encircling Youliang's elite army. Annihilated, killed and drowned countless people, and captured more than 20,000 people.Youliang sailors ran aground just as the tide was receding, unable to move, and were all captured.Yuanzhang took advantage of the victory to regain Taiping, went to Anqing, and took Xinzhou and Yuanzhou. 【14】 After Youliang suffered a big defeat, Zhang Shicheng didn't dare to send troops anymore. In the first month of the seventh year of Dragon and Phoenix, King Xiaoming granted Yuanzhang the Duke of Wu. 【15】 Youliang refused to admit defeat, and sent generals to capture Anqing in July.Yuan Zhang was furious, held a military meeting, and decided to go back to the west of the river to attack.A large banner was erected on the giant Longxiang ship, on which were written the eight characters "Holding the people and punishing crimes, Nashun surrendering". Youliang is jealous and can protect his weaknesses. After killing Xu Shouhui, Shouhui's generals refused to accept it, and feared that Youliang would kill him, so they surrendered to Yuanzhang one after another.Zhao (Pu Sheng), the underling's brave general with two swords, has repeatedly captured Yuanzhang's military town on the west front. He is Yuanzhang's mortal enemy.The generals of Shuangdao Zhao were resentful, so they refused to fight to the death.Yuanzhang took advantage of the quarrel between the friendly generals and the low morale, and launched a massive attack.He personally commanded the army to capture Anqing and Jiangzhou with one drum, and the guards of Youliang Ding Pulang and Fu Youde joined the army, and Youliang fled to Wuchang.The prefectures and counties of Jiangxi and the southeast corner of Hubei belonged to Yuanzhang's territory.Zhu Yuanzhang's territory is expanding day by day, while Chen Youliang's is shrinking day by day. The military situation in the past few years has been completely reversed after this battle. Yuanzhang's military strength can already compete with Youliang. 【16】 When the bloody battle between the Zhu and Chen armies in the south of the Yangtze River was in full swing, the military situation in Jiangbei also changed greatly.The Red Army failed one after another, and the situation was critical.General Chahan Timur of the Yuan Dynasty regained Guan and Long. Taking advantage of the internal division of the Shandong Red Army and killing each other, he recruited the Red Army Prime Minister Huama Wang Tianfeng to pacify Shandong and restore the army's prestige. Over the past few years, under the rule of King Xiaoming and general Mao Gui, Shandong has expanded its territory and established a system, and the situation has become increasingly stable.Mao Gui had political ability, strategy, and methods. He recruited Yuanyi soldiers Wanhu Tianfeng, Yu Bao, and Wang Xin to strengthen his army;There are 360 ​​farms in Laizhou, each of which is 30 miles away, and hundreds of carts are built to transport grain back and forth.Customized regardless of official land and private land, only two points will be taken for ten points of the harvest.In winter, it will be transported by land, and in summer, it will be transported by water to supply the front military supplies. [17] Originally Zhao Junyong and Peng Zao lived in Haozhou, stationed in the Huaisi area, lived early and died of illness, both were attacked by the Yuan army, unable to resist, they went north to partner with Mao Gui.Both used to hate Yuan Dynasty officials the most. Mao Gui not only chose Yuan Dynasty officials as local officials, but also successively recruited the armed forces of the Red Army's deadly rival Tian Feng and his group of big landlords from the Huang Army. Mao expensive.In July, Mao Gui's descendants returned from Liaoyang to Yidu (now Shandong Yidu) and killed Zhao Junyong.Tian Feng and Wang Shicheng, the sweeping king, fought against each other again, and Shandong was in chaos.Chahan Timur took the opportunity to attack and captured Bianliang, the capital of Song Dynasty, and King Xiaoming withdrew from Baoanfeng. (After the Yuan army withdrew, Anfeng returned to the Red Army.) In June of the seventh year of Longfeng, Chahan Timur led troops to attack Shandong, sent envoys to recruit Tian Feng, Yu Bao, and Wang Shicheng, and entered Yidu. The military situation in the north has taken a turn for the worse. After the loss of Shandong, not only King Xiaoming's capital, Anfeng, could not be preserved, but even Yuanzhang's base Yingtian was exposed to the enemy, and it was in jeopardy.The stable situation and military development in the area occupied by Yuanzhang for several years depended entirely on the cover of the main force of the Red Army of King Xiaoming in the north. Now the situation has changed suddenly. , the difference is too far, it is difficult to fight hard.For long-distance and short-term attack, we must do everything possible to avoid the crisis of a decisive battle with the main force of the Yuan army. Under such circumstances, Zhu Yuanzhang was determined to seek peace with Chahan Timur, and sent envoys to Chahan Timur twice, sending heavy gifts and personal letters, asking for a good relationship, which in essence was an expression of surrender.When the envoy came back, he knew that the Red Army in Yidu was fighting to the death and would not fall for a while. Chahan Timur would not have the strength to attack Anfeng before he took down this important stronghold.Yuan Zhang correctly estimated the military situation in the north, and he was relieved before he dared to seize this gap and attack Chen Youliang in the west. Chahan Timur's envoy Yuan Hubu Shangshu Zhang Chang took the imperial wine, the eight-treasure top hat, and the appointment of Yuanzhang as Ronglu doctor Jiangxi and other places to conduct the political affairs of Zhongshu Province Pingzhang and sailed to the east of Zhejiang. Fang Guozhen waited for a year. Fang Guozhen sent people to tell Zhu Yuanzhang twice about the arrival of envoys from the Yuan Dynasty. Yuan Zhang ignored them in order to wait for the military changes in the north.It was not until December of the eighth year of Longfeng that Zhang Chang and his party arrived in Yingtian from Jiangxi.At this time, Chahan Timur had been assassinated by Tian Feng and Wang Shicheng, and his adopted son Kuokuo Timur (Chahan Timur's nephew, formerly known as Wang Baobao) succeeded him as commander-in-chief.Not long after, information was received that Kuo Kor Timur and another general, Polo Timur, were fighting for territory, and the fight was very fierce. It seemed that the Yuan army would not go south.Only then did he relax, change his mind, and prepare for the next step of military development. 【18】 When Zhang Chang came to Yingtian to surrender with the official edict of the Yuan Dynasty, Ye Dui, a native of Ninghai, wrote to Yuan Zhang, advising him not to accept the official position of the Yuan Dynasty, but to create his own situation and establish a foundation.And pointing out the strategic steps said: Those who learn from the world must have a certain scale. Han Xin first met Gao Zu, and he painted the success and failure of Chu and Han, and Kong Ming lay in a grass hut.Today's scale should include Li Chahan in the north, Zhang Jiusi (Shicheng) in the south, Fuwen and Taiwan, take Fujian and Yue, set up the capital Jiankang, expand the land of Jiang and Han, and advance to the north of the Huaihe River and Huaihe River. If you retreat, you will draw the Yangtze River and defend yourself.Husband Jinling was called the dragon and the tiger in the ancient times, the capital of the emperor, with its military strength and wealth, it can be conquered by attacking and strengthened by observing. How can Baichahan be like me!Don't be in a hurry to go up in Jiang Zhi's preparations. Today's volunteers have conquered Jiangzhou and covered the whole of Wu. From Chu, He to Guangling (now Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province), they are all owned by me. The bandits guard the river directly, and they can also guard the Huaihe River.When the Zhang family is overthrown, you can sit and wait. The Huaidong counties will also return in the future, and the Li family can merge with the Central Plains in the north.Today, I heard that Chahan was arrogant and arrogant, and wrote a letter to Ming Gong, just like Cao Cao's recruiting Sun Quan, stealing that Yuan's fortune is coming to an end, people's hearts don't belong, and Chahan wants to follow what he did, and the situation is not good. In order to observe the great provocations in the world, this is its outline. There are three goals: the land of Zhang Jiusi, covering Hangzhou and Shaoxing in the south, Tong and Tai in the north, and Pingjiang as its nest.If you want to attack it now, Mo Ruo claims to cover up Hangzhou, Shao, Hu, and Xiu, and the soldiers go straight to Pingjiang.If the city is solid and difficult to pull out suddenly, it will be trapped by the method of selling the city. Don't build a long siege outside the city where the arrows and stones cannot reach it. Yi, collect its taxes and grains to support the army.He sits and guards the empty city, and he is not sleepy!Now that the Pingjiang River has descended, the nest has been dumped, Hangzhou and Yue must return, and Yu County will be disintegrated. This is the plan.The Zhang family's important town is in Shaoxing, and Shaoxing is suspended across the river and sea, so those who cannot be defeated by an attack, because the grain road is in Sandou Jiangmen.If one army attacks Pingjiang and cuts off its food roads, and another army attacks Hangzhou and cuts off its reinforcements, Shaoxing will be taken out.The attack is in Suzhou and Hangzhou, and the capture is in Shaoxing. It is the so-called one who makes mistakes in many ways.Shaoxing was uprooted, Hangzhou was isolated, and Hu and Xiu were popular, and then attacked Pingjiang, plowed its confidantes, and the remnants of Jiangbei collapsed. This plan is also. Fang Guozhen is a wolf with ambition and cannot be tamed.In previous years, when the soldiers took Wuzhou, he paid the money with the book.Later, Xia Yu and Chen Xiandao were sent to summon them, but they were suspicious and refused.Gu sent an envoy from Haidao to report to the Yuan Dynasty, saying that the Jiangdong Committee had paid the money, and induced Zhang Chang to come here with an imperial edict, and sent Han Shuyi as a lobbyist to explain the public imperial edict.Since he surrendered me, he wanted to recruit me to descend the Yuan instead. He repeatedly cunning and cunning like this, Master Yixing questioned him.However, he takes water as his life, and when he hears of the arrival of soldiers, he sets out to sail with his family, and rides on foot in the Central Plains.When the husband went up to attack his heart, he said that since Ningyue (Wuzhou) was leveled, he would be a land recipient, but he wanted to pay my teacher's ear.The technique of attack should be limited to a date, and the responsibility should be surrendered.Since Fang Guozhang's death, he knew that soldiers were not available.You Shuyi also said that the righteous teacher was prosperous, and his anger had already been frustrated. Now, because Chen Xiandao is self-understanding, he can threaten him and follow him.Matters should not be delayed.After the edict was announced, more officials were placed, their boats were detained, and their military power was secretly taken over, so as to eliminate unforeseen changes, the three counties could decide without effort. Fujian is based on Zhejiang, and the soldiers are weak and the city is shabby. Since the two Zhejiang are leveled, they must try to join them.If the recovery is late, the big soldiers will enter from Wenzhou, and the strange soldiers will enter from the sea, and Fuzhou will be conquered.Under Fuzhou, Pangjun is ready to be solved.The prestige is already shocking, and then enter Guangdong and Guangxi, it is still turning the palm of your hand. 【19】 Ye Dui didn't know that Yuan Zhang had sent envoys to Chahan Timur twice, nor did he know that Zhang Chang's arrival was the result of Yuan Zhang's envoys, and he didn't know that Yuan Zhang's death and expansion caused by Chahan Timur The civil war between Kuo Timur and Polo Timur has changed his mind about Jiang Yuan.However, the attack strategy he planned was deliberate and insightful.In the next few years, Yuanzhang's strategy and steps to pacify the southeast and Guangdong and Guangxi were indeed similar to what he suggested.Ye Dui's opposition to the fall of the Yuan Dynasty also represented the views of some landlord intellectuals who opposed the Yuan Dynasty, demanded unification, and demanded to enjoy a peaceful life.At the same time, it also explained why some landlord intellectuals suddenly changed their position against the Red Army so firmly and turned to support Zhu Yuanzhang. Zhang Chang has been a senior official in the Yuan Dynasty for many years, and he knows the allusions of court rules and the system of names and objects.Yuan Zhang told Liu Ji and Song Lian: "The Yuan Dynasty sent me a great sage, and you can discuss with him."Appointed as the Secretary of the Bank.The deputy envoys who came with him were all executed. 【20】 After King Xiaoming proclaimed himself emperor, the military and political power was completely controlled by Liu Futong.Futong is brave and decisive, good at charging, but can't make overall military deployment and unified command; he has an upright temperament and is not good at coordinating generals; he has occupied many cities, but he can't establish effective system management; he is a general who leads troops outside It turned out that they were all Futong's companions and brothers, but they all resolutely obeyed the command. Although there are many troops, they have different orders; Going deep, far away from the rear, the troops were scattered, and were defeated by the enemy one by one; after losing the battle, they ran around everywhere and were surrounded everywhere. Fearing punishment, he simply surrendered to the enemy and turned to fight the Red Army. In May of the seventh year of Longfeng, Li Wu and Cui De defected to Li Siqi.The army of Potou Pan and Mr. Guan invaded Goryeo, and was firmly resisted by the soldiers and civilians of Goryeo. Sha Liuer and Mr. Guan were killed. Some escaped and attacked Shangdu, and were defeated and surrendered by Polo Timur.Li Xixi's army turned from east to west, and when Xixi died, the whole army collapsed.The remaining sporadic teams were also defeated by the two landlord armies of Chahan Timur and Polo Timur.Only a part of Shandong's military force was left to serve as Anfeng's cover.After Yidu was surrounded by Kuokuo Timur's army, the situation was critical. Liu Futong personally led the troops to rescue him, and fled back in defeat.Yidu fell and Anfeng was isolated.In February of the ninth year of Longfeng, Zhang Shicheng's general Lu Zhen took the opportunity to attack and besieged. Anfeng and food were exhausted, and the army and the people were hungry.Unable to support it anymore, Liu Futong had no choice but to send people to Yuan Zhang to recruit soldiers to relieve the siege. Before Yuanzhang sent troops, Liu Ji tried his best to stop them, thinking that the soldiers should not be sent out lightly. If Chen Youliang attacked by chance, there would be no way to advance or retreat;Should he continue to be emperor?Or lock it up?kill?If the latter, why save him!If it's the former, wouldn't it be boring to find an immediate superior to control oneself, and lose the right to freedom and initiative.Yuanzhang thought that if Anfeng fell, Yingtian would lose his shield, and saving Anfeng would protect Yingtian.So he personally led the troops to rescue, but before the army arrived, Lu Zhen had already killed Liu Futong, Yuan Zhang led the army to fight, and Lu Zhen fled without support.Yuanzhang set up a luan umbrella fan to welcome King Xiaoming to live in Chuzhou. He built a palace and made great offerings. He replaced all the eunuchs in the palace with his own people.In form, it is respect, but in fact it locks up the emperor. 【twenty one】 On March 14th, King Xiaoming made a book and presented it to the three generations of Yuanzhang: the great-grandfather of the ninety-fourth gifted doctor Jiangxi and other places in the Zhongshu Province You Cheng Shang Hujun Sikong Wu Guogong, great-grandmother Hou's wife Wu Guo, and ancestor Chuyi Dr. Guanglu, Jiangnan, etc. line Zhongshu Province Pingzhang Political Affairs Shangzhu State Situ Wu Guogong, grandmother Wang's Mrs. Wu Guogong, father May 4th Kaifu Yi Tong Sansi Shangzhu State Military and State Important Affairs Zhongshu You Prime Minister Taiwei Wu Guogong, mother Mrs. Chen's Wu Guo. [22] Judging from the official title bestowed on Yuanzhang's father, Yuanzhang's official position at this time was the Prime Minister of Zhongshu You of Song Dynasty. When Yuanzhang sent troops to rescue Anfeng, Chen Youliang took advantage of the false attack and besieged Hongdu (now Nanchang, Jiangxi) with large soldiers, and occupied Ji'an, Linjiang, and Wuwei prefectures.This time it was really an attack from east and west, although Zhang Shicheng didn't know it.The scale of the Han army's attack was larger than last time. Youliang watched the territory shrinking day by day, but he was angry. He specially built hundreds of large ships, several feet high, with one color of red lacquer. There are dozens of sculls in the board room, and the box is covered with iron.People living on the upper and lower floors cannot hear each other.The big one can hold three thousand people, and the small one can hold two thousand people.Thinking that they will win, they came from the empty country with a family of hundreds of officials, claiming to be 600,000. Hongdu City was originally next to the Ganjiang River.After Hongdu recovered, Yuan Zhang immediately ordered the city wall to be rebuilt and retreated, and it was rebuilt to 30 steps to the river bank.This time the Han army attacked again, and the large ships could not get close to the city wall, so they had to land and besiege.Hongdu defender Zhu Wenzheng resolutely defended. The Han army exhausted the methods of attacking the city, and Wenzheng also exhausted the methods of defense. During the eighty-five days of attacking and defending the city, the city wall was breached many times, and the enemy soldiers rushed in, but they were all repelled by the firecrackers. Wenzheng rushed to repair the fortifications overnight, covering the city with wooden fences. Both the siege and the defenders stepped on the corpses to fight. The battle was fierce, and the deaths on both sides were very heavy.Although Hongdu was isolated and helpless, it blocked the Han army like a mountain, preventing them from moving forward.Fighting continued until July, when Yuanzhang personally led an army of 200,000 troops to the rescue, and the Han army had no choice but to break out of the siege and turned around to fight at Poyang Lake. In this water battle, the main forces of the two armies fought hard for 36 days, and it was a big battle that determined life and death. Four days before the start of the Central War, Yuan Zhang sent an ambush to block the exit from Poyang Lake to the Yangtze River, blocking the enemy's return, and closing the gate to fight.The situation of the two armies, the Han army claims to be 600,000, Yuanzhang's is 200,000; the navy ships, the Han army's are tall and big, and the boats are deployed in a row for more than ten miles. You can only see the enemy with your head. In terms of manpower and equipment, Yuanzhang is at a disadvantage.However, Yuanzhang also had an advantage; in terms of morale, the Han army had fought hard for three months under the city of Hongdu, unable to advance an inch, causing heavy casualties, exhaustion, and shaking their confidence in victory; Life and death depend on a battle, and morale is high. As far as ships are concerned, dozens of large ships in the Han army are linked together by iron cables. Although they are not afraid of wind and waves, the disadvantage is that they are inconvenient to rotate, neither fast nor flexible. It is small, but it is flexible in maneuvering and can advance and retreat freely. Although it is inferior in size, it has an advantage in sports.As far as combat command is concerned, Youliang has a violent and suspicious temperament. The soldiers dare not express their opinions.Yuanzhang is just the opposite. He is modest and cautious, has experienced advisers and brave generals, and he works together to plan for the post-war.What is more important is the replenishment of the army's supplies. The Han army's rear was cut off, the food was exhausted, and the soldiers were exhausted. The number of Yuanzhang's army was small, and there was a steady stream of support from Hongdu and the rear. The soldiers had enough to eat, and naturally they fought well. . The main tactics of Yuanzhang's army is fire attack, using a large number of firearms to burn the enemy's large ships. Firearms include artillery, firecrackers, rockets, fire thorns, large and small muskets, large and small general barrels, large and small iron cannons, and magic arrows. Gunpowder has great burning power, and there is another kind called no help, which uses a reed mat to make a circle, five feet in circumference and seven feet in length, pasted with cloth paper, wrapped with silk and hemp, and stored with gunpowder twisters and other firearms, which are picked on the head with a pole Under the mast, when encountering an enemy ship, they lit the line of fire, cut the suspension cables, and made them fall helplessly on the enemy ship. A boat, the death squad rushed into the enemy line, set fire to the enemy ship and died together.The signal commanded by the Yuanzhang Army is to use flags during the day, lanterns at night, letter cannons for distant ones, and golden drums for near ones. The whole army moves in unison. During the battle, the water army was divided into eleven teams. Each team was equipped with firecrackers, longbows, and crossbows. They were divided into several layers. Arrows were like raindrops, cannons were like thunder, knives were flying, waves were hitting the sky, and even the lake was red.Soldiers of the two armies jumped from one ship to another, with rockets and rocks flying overhead, swords and swords in front of their eyes, only the sound of cutting and shouting could be heard in their ears, with the determination to fight to the death in their chests, floating on the lake were the soldiers and soldiers who died in battle. Wounded soldiers struggling and screaming.The ships of the Han army were red, and the ships of Yuanzhang were white. For a while dozens of white boats surrounded the red boats, and for a while the red boats chased the white boats. It seemed to have the upper hand, and for a few days it was Red Boat who had the upper hand again. Yuanzhang encouraged the soldiers to keep fighting, and many times the guards around him were killed. The ship was smashed by artillery stones, and the ship was stranded again, unable to move, and almost captured.The two armies held each other, fought hard with all their strength, each had victories and losses, and suffered heavy casualties, but neither of them was willing to take a step back.Fighting continued until the last few days, when the Han army was out of food. At the military meeting, the friendly General You Jinwu advocated burning the ship, the whole army landed, and went straight to Hunan. General Zuo Jinwu advocated continuing the fight.Youliang agreed to go by land. General Zuo Jinwu was afraid of being punished, so he led the army to surrender. General You Jinwu saw that the battle could not be fought, so he also followed to surrender.Youliang's army was getting weaker and weaker, so he decided to retreat, intending to rush out of the lake mouth, but unexpectedly, all the white boats were facing him, and they were attacked one after another.In the fierce battle, Youliang had to personally see the situation and decide on tactics, but just as he put his head out of the cabin, he was shot to death by flying arrows, and the whole army was defeated.General Zai Youliang's corpse and Prince Chen Li fled back to Wuchang overnight. 【twenty three】 Although Yuanzhang won the complete victory in the decisive battle in the end, he also paid a huge price. In the battle on July 21 alone, the red boat lost 60,000 people, and the white boat also lost more than 7,000 people. Chen Zhaoxian, Zhang Zhixiong, Han Cheng, Ding Pulang and others died in battle.On the second day after Youliang died in battle, Yuanzhang burned incense and prayed to the sky to comfort the soldiers, and promised to be a family in the world in the future, to share wealth and honor with the Batuer [24] and become a high official. [25] Later he said to Liu Ji: I really shouldn't have gone to Anfeng!If Youliang takes advantage of me to go far away, the sky is empty, and I go down the river and hit the sky, I will have nothing to advance and nothing to retreat.Fortunately, instead of directly attacking Yingtian, he went to besiege Hongdu. Hongdu held on for three months, which gave me enough time to concentrate our forces.However, although this battle is won, it is dangerous enough! Later, at a military meeting, the generals thought that since ancient times, water battles can be won because of the right time and place, just like Zhou Yu's defeat of Cao Cao, because of the convenience of Feng Shui.This battle was the opposite. Chen Youliang was stationed in Poyang, and treated me first, and he gained the advantage of the land; moreover, I went thousands of miles to help, but I worked hard and he lost. In the end, I won the victory. What is the reason?Yuan Zhang said: You don't understand the truth that the right time is not as good as the right place, and the right place is not as good as the harmony of people. In the final analysis, it is people who fight.Although Chen Youliang has a strong army, he is not united internally, everyone is of one mind, and everyone is suspicious.Moreover, if you use troops for years, you will always lose battles, you will not accumulate strength, and you will seize favorable opportunities to fight in the east and west.We must understand that when using troops, you must have the right time, the time is the power, and the power is the victory.When our army wins, the soldiers fight with one heart, like birds of prey, the eggs are covered, and the people are reconciled, which is why they are successful.The first is the unity of the entire army, and the second is to seize favorable opportunities. This analysis and summary is scientific and correct, and all the generals are amazed. 【26】 Chen Youliang died in battle, and the remnants of the Han army will soon be wiped out.Zhang Shicheng was self-confident and could not do harm.In the north, the two armies of Expansion Timur and Polo Timur are fighting for the defense area.Yuanzhang's territory is expanding day by day, and political affairs are becoming more and more complicated. The name of Wu Guogong is no longer suitable for the current political situation. If you think about it, you have to be called a king. The question is what kind of king.Zhang Shicheng has already established himself as the king of Wu in September, and Yingtian is the capital of Sun Quan's Wu Kingdom in history. Moreover, there were nursery rhymes a few years ago: the rich should not build buildings, and the poor should build houses. It's Wu Jiaguo. [27] You have to be called the king of Wu.In the first month of the tenth year of Dragon and Phoenix, Yuanzhang established himself as the King of Wu, set up a hundred officials, and established the Ministry of Education. Among them, Zhang Chang served as the capital of Zuo Si.The eldest son is marked as the son of the world. 【28】Issuing orders, in the name of the emperor's decree and Wu Wang's decree. [29] At the same time, there were two kings of Wu. The folks called Zhang Shicheng the Eastern Wu, and Yuan Zhang the Western Wu. [30] The military uniforms used to be marked with red scarves, but they are colorful and uniform.It is stipulated that the jackets, skirts and battle flags of soldiers should be red, and they should wear a strong red leather hat with a wide brim and a small flag with the word "violent".The siege is a cotton skirt that mops the floor, whichever is puffy, arrows cannot enter.The arrowheads were originally made of copper, but now that the territory has expanded and there is iron ore, they are made of iron.And manufacture a large number of iron armor, gunpowder, firecrackers, and stone cannons, making the weapons sharper and more durable. 【31】 In February, Yuan Zhang personally led the land and water army to conquer Wuchang, Chen Li asked to surrender, and Li Huguang traveled to Zhongshu Province.By the end of the year, Youliang's original territory, from the south of the Han River, to the west of Ganzhou, to the north of Shaozhou (now Qujiang, Guangdong), and to the east of Chenzhou (now Yuanling, Hunan), was owned by Yuan Zhang. 【32】 Although Chen Youliang failed, he was a hero who opposed the rule of the Mongolian and Han landlord classes in the Yuan Dynasty. He played a role in history. The people at that time sympathized with and missed him. His grave is still under the newly built Yangtze River Bridge today It is preserved for tourists to commemorate. Notes from the original book: 01: "Caomuzi" Volume 3 "Restraint" 02: "Stop Farming Records" Volume 28 "Inappropriate Punishments and Rewards" 03: "Yuan History" Volume 188 "Dong Boxiao Biography": In the 11th year of Zhengzheng, the general manager of Jining Road was removed, and he was ordered to conscript Anfeng from Pingzhang Jiaohua, Jiangsu and Zhejiang.Then he returned to Anfeng. In the twelfth year, he was ordered to fight against the sky to attack Haozhou, and also ordered to move troops to the south of the Yangtze River, so he crossed the river to Deqing County, Huzhou.The Hui and Rao thieves have fallen into Hangzhou.Jiaohua asked about Bo Xiao's strategy, and Bo Xiao said: "The thieves are all savages. Seeing the jade and silk of the children of Hangzhou, which are not usually owned by ordinary people, they must indulge their desires and have no time to prepare. It is better to attack them quickly, so they marched into Hangzhou. The thieves met the enemy at Yanqiao. The strong men rushed forward and beheaded several levels, and all the armies attacked them one after another. After seven battles, they chased and killed them to Qinghefang, where the thieves rushed to the reception temple, blocked its gate and burned them.Yuhang, Wukang, and Deqing have all been leveled.Qian Qianyi's "Mu Zhai Chu Xue Ji" Volume 80 "Answer to Feng Du Ma Yao's Cursive Script": Xu Shouhui's congregation became more and more popular over time.歐普祥陷袁州，妖彭、項甲陷徽、饒，《回金正希館丈書》：嘗觀元末，盜起汝、潁，而襄、漢、蘄、黃應之。蘄、黃之賊既陷江州，旋略南康、鄱陽，即由婺源犯休寧，一夕而陷徽州，由是而陷昱嶺關，破杭州，蔓延吳興、延陵，江南之塗炭從此始，當時克復徽、杭，殺妖彭，項奴兒者盜魁，遏楚賊方張之勢，董搏霄、三旦八輩督師剿禦（之功）。 彭瑩玉死至正十二年（公元一三五二年）七月，至元四年（公元一三三八年）他在袁州起義，假定起義時為三十歲，彭瑩玉存年約為四十五歲左右（公元一三○八｜一三五二年）。 柯紹忞《新元史》卷二二六《徐壽輝傳》記彭瑩玉於至正十三年六月被殺於瑞州：初袁州有妖僧彭瑩玉用泉水治病多愈，遠近神之。至正十年其徒周子旺以妖術惑眾，從者五十餘人，僭稱周王，官軍獲而殺之。瑩玉遁去，匿淮西民家，日夜密構異圖。壽輝浴於池，瑩玉之徒見其有赤光，異之。十一年八月乃擁壽輝為王，聚眾剽掠。其眾以紅巾裹首，與汝、潁妖賊同。十二年二月彭瑩玉陷瑞州。未幾，項普略陷饒州、信州。十三年六月行省左丞火你赤復瑞州，執彭瑩玉，斬而臠之。瑩玉攻城略地，所至無噍類，至是就戮，天下快之。七月項普勝陷婺源州、徽州，自昱嶺關入浙西，遂陷杭州。是年元帥董搏霄復杭州，受代去，壽輝兵復入昱嶺關，陷於潛，行省檄搏霄禦之，事具《搏霄傳》。按《元史》卷四十二《順帝本紀》：至正十二年三月丁未，徐壽輝偽將陶九陷瑞州。《新元史》卷二十五《順帝本紀》同，由此可知陷瑞州的是陶九，不是彭瑩玉。項普略陷杭州年月，《新元史．順帝本紀》也作：至正十二年七月庚辰，項普略陷杭州路，參知政事樊克敬死之。濟寧路總管董搏霄復杭州路，遂復徽州。和同書《徐壽輝傳》自相矛盾。再接王逢《梧溪集》卷三《題歲寒橋》：至正壬辰七月十日徽寇犯杭，時樊時中執敬為浙省參政，亟禦於橋，遂死之。《輟耕錄》卷十一《女奴義烈》、卷十四《忠烈》、卷二十八《刑賞失宜》也記蘄、黃軍於七月初十日入杭州城，《元史》卷一百八十八《董搏霄傳》同。由此可見《新元史》的記載不但自相矛盾，也是錯誤的。今不取。 附錄：這本書寫成以後，中國科學院歷史研究所楊訥同志知道我正在研究彭瑩玉的史實，抄送給我一些前所未見的材料，附錄如下： （1）正德《瑞州府志》卷十一《遺事志》：至正八年，萬載妖人彭國玉詭白蓮教以惑眾，倡言撒豆成兵，飛茅成劍，謀為不軌。事敗，逃至麻城，糾鄒普勝，合眾數萬，以紅巾為號。十二年國玉及其黨閔總管導賊將況普天擁眾寇瑞，據焉，大肆殺戮。鄉民立寨自保者，亦稱紅巾應之。未幾，左丞火逆赤等克復本路，擒況普天、閔總管，彭國玉，並家屬無少長臠之。民之應者，亦戮以徇。 崇禎《瑞州府志》卷二十四附《餘志》所記同。 （2）趙汸《東山存稿》卷四《休寧縣達魯花赤八侯武功記》：至正十二年十一月十三日，民有言項奴兒自廣德陷常、湖，為大軍所逼，棄其眾逃來，已入休寧境中者，侯（八忒麻失理）與邑義士分道遮捕，斬首三十餘級，生得項奴兒及其將二人。卷五克復休寧碑：項奴兒之眾潰於浙西，間道逃來，民爭起逐之，侯（八忒麻失理）與邑義士遮捕，生得項奴兒，檻車送行省伏誅。《代舉留沙元帥狀》：初復徽州，（沙不丁）親入賊陣，射殺蘄、黃賊首偽彭萬戶。卷四《休寧縣達魯花赤八侯武功記》：（至正十二年九月）十八日，行省兵大破賊，元帥沙不丁射偽萬戶之據徽州者，殪之。 晗按：正德《瑞州府志》記彭瑩玉為彭國玉，項普略為況普天，火逆赤即《新元史》的火你赤。這條記載大概就是《新元史》的根據。 《瑞州府志》記彭瑩玉，項普略死於江西瑞州，趙汸則以為二人死於安徽，彭萬戶於至正十二年九月十八日被沙不丁射殺，項奴兒則於同年十一月十三日被擒送行省被殺。兩書記載互異，從時間先後看，彭瑩玉，項普略在杭州戰敗後，退走江西或安徽，中伏被擒殺是有可能的。但是，不管彭瑩玉死在何可處，死的時間是至正十二年則是一致的。 04：《初學集》卷八十《答鳳督馬瑤草書》：元季盜之初起，先自汝、潁，而後徐壽輝起蘄、黃，布三王起鄧州，孟海馬起襄陽，菩有其眾，各戰其地。 05：《初學集》卷八十《回金正希館丈書》：當時克復徽、杭，殺妖彭、項奴兒諸盜魁，遏楚賊方張之勢，雖董搏霄、三旦八輩督師剿禦，而汪同、程國勝、俞茂結集民兵，誓死血戰，恢復城柵，其功尚多。 06：《庚申外史》，《草木子》卷三《克謹篇》，《國初群雄事略》卷三引俞本《紀事錄》，《明太祖實錄》卷八《徐貞一本傳》，陸深《平胡錄》，《明史》卷一二三《陳友諒傳》 07：《明太祖實錄》卷十五 08：同上卷八十一 09：同上卷七十八 10：《國初群雄事略》卷三天完徐壽輝，《明史》卷一二三《陳友諒傳》 11：《明太祖實錄》卷八 12：宋濂《平漢錄》，《國初禮賢錄》 13：《明太祖實錄》卷八，《平漢錄》 14：《平漢錄》，《國初禮賢錄》 15：《國初群雄事略》卷一宋小明王引俞本《紀事錄》 16：《明太祖實錄》卷九 17：《元史》卷四十五《順帝本紀》，《明史》卷一百二十二《韓林兒傳》 18：《國初事蹟》，《明太祖實錄》卷九，《國初群雄事略》卷一宋小明王 19：《明史》卷一百三十五《葉兌傳》 20：《國初事蹟》，《國初群雄事略》卷一宋小明王 21：《國初事蹟》，《國初群雄事略》卷一宋小明王 22：《國初群雄事略》卷一宋小明王引《龍鳳事蹟》，郎瑛《七修類稿》卷七《朱氏世德碑》 23：《明太祖實錄》卷十二，宋濂《平江漢頌序》，《國初群雄事略》卷四漢陳友諒，《明史》卷一二三《陳友諒傳》 24：即撥都，巴圖魯，蒙古話勇士的意思。 25：《國初群雄事略》卷四漢陳友諒引俞本《紀事錄》 26：《國初事蹟》，《明太祖實錄》卷十三 27：《庚申外史》，《元史》卷五十一《五行志》二，錢謙益《太祖實錄辯證》卷一 28：《明太祖實錄》卷十四 29：陶安《陶學士文集》，祝允明《九朝野記》 30：《國初群雄事略》卷七引《月山叢談》 31：《國初事蹟》 32：《明太祖實錄》卷十四