Chapter 10 Chapter 3 From Wu Guogong to Wu Wang II, Taking Soochow

Chen Youliang has a strong army and a vast territory, and dominates the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. He tried to annex Western Wu twice, but was wiped out instead.The powerful enemy on the western front has been resolved, and Zhu Yuanzhang's military strength has grown stronger. The second offensive target is Zhang Shicheng of the Eastern Wu. Yuan Zhang and his counselors analyzed the military situation at that time. He pointed out that: when the world uses troops, there are Polo Timur in Hebei, Kuangou Timur in Henan, and Li Siqi and Zhang Liangbi in Guanzhong.The army in Hebei is large but undisciplined, the army in Henan is a little disciplined but not strong, and some roads in Guanzhong are impassable, and food and wages cannot be provided.Zhang Shicheng and I are the only ones in the south of the Yangtze River. Shicheng is a man of treachery and knows how to use spies, but the army does not respect discipline at all.I have hundreds of thousands of troops, stick to the territory, improve military administration, establish strict military discipline, appoint generals, seize favorable opportunities, and eliminate them one by one, and the unification of the world is sure. 【01】He wholeheartedly reorganized the army, strengthened discipline education, practiced siege skills, and prepared for the next battle.

At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, the southern heroes were divided into two systems: one is the Red Army system, and the other is the non-Red Army system.The Red Army is divided into two branches, the East and the West. The East Branch is centered on the Huai River Basin. King Xiaoming is the co-lord of the East Branch. Guo Zixing is the leader of Chu and He.The west branch is centered on the Han River Basin, from Xu Shouhui to Chen Youliang, and the Shouhui tribe will separate Ming Yuzhen in Sichuan.Non-Red Army departments such as Dongwu Zhang Shicheng and Zhejiang Dongfang Guozhen.The main components of the Red Army are the vast number of poor peasants and small handicraftsmen, as well as some urban and rural vagrants. They were deeply exploited and oppressed by the Mongolian and Han landlord classes in the Yuan Dynasty. The landlord class has achieved its own emancipation.They are irreconcilable with the Mongolian and Han landlord classes, they will never compromise, and they will fight resolutely to the end.The non-Red Army faction is different. The leaders and basic team are mainly private salt dealers, salt dealers, small and medium landlords, vacillating middle peasants, and some poor and hired peasants. Although they are also the targets of exploitation, oppression, and bullying. The motive of the Yuan uprising was also because of being insulted, practiced and resisted by the officials and landlords of the Yuan Dynasty.But the leading group did not have a clear political goal, let alone propaganda and agitation against class oppression.

After severing the territory, they thought that their careers were successful, and they were greedy for life and enjoyment, and they became corrupt day by day.When the Yuan Dynasty's troops were temporarily unable to reach them, they established their own names.Confront the Yuan Dynasty government.However, when they came under strong military pressure from the ruling class and the situation was unfavorable, they became weak, compromised, and surrendered.The Yuan Dynasty government adopted a policy of appeasement towards them from the very beginning.As long as they surrender, they will do it for the officials. After they became officials of the Yuan Dynasty, as soon as they saw the military defeat of the Yuan Dynasty government, they once again fought for independence and established a different name.Every time it is repeated, the personal status will be higher, the territory will be expanded, and the capital for bargaining with the Yuan government will be greater.On the other hand, their attitude towards the Red Army was just the opposite. They would never surrender, and they would fight to the end. Their stand was very firm.Zhang Shicheng has been hostile to King Xiaoming and Zhu Yuanzhang from the very beginning. For ten years, the soldiers have been puzzled. Fang Guozhen's small soldiers are weak. But you have to fight to the end.

Zhang Shicheng's relationship with the Yuan government was unstable, back and forth, sometimes confronting and sometimes surrendering.In the thirteenth year of the Yuan Dynasty, the government of the Yuan Dynasty surrendered and granted him an official position. He was asked to send troops to attack the Hao and Si Red Army. Shicheng was afraid of losing money and refused to go.Knowing that the Taizhou defenders were weak, they attacked Taizhou and broke Xinghua, according to Gaoyou.In the fourteenth year, he claimed to be the King of Cheng, the country was named Da Zhou, and changed to Yuan Tianyou.In November of this year, Prime Minister Yuan Tuotuo led the army to encircle Gaoyou and defeated Zhou army. , Take Kunshan, Jiading, Chongming, Changshu, Pingjiang, Changzhou, Huzhou, Huai'an and other places.In March of the sixteenth year, the capital was established in Pingjiang and changed to Longping County.Change the calendar to Mingshi.Open the Hongwen Museum and recruit Confucian scholars.Li Xingsu, a yin and yang practitioner, was the prime minister, and his younger brother Shide was the Pingzhang, and the soldiers and horses of the counties were promoted.With Jiang Hui as the right minister, he lived in the province to manage general affairs, Pan Yuanming was the left minister, and he was in Wuxing, and Shi Wenbing was the co-prefect of the Privy Council, and he was in Songjiang. [02] Officials of prefectures, prefectures and counties, prefects in prefectures, Tongshou in prefectures, Yin in counties, Fucheng in Tongzhi, and engaged in governors. 【03】

From the 16th year of Zhizheng, Zhang Shicheng and Zhu Yuanzhang met each other in arms, and fought hundreds of battles, winning and losing each other.In June of this year, Zhu Yuanzhang's generals, Chen Baoer, Zhan Lier, who was originally the surrendered general of the landlord army, surrendered to Zhang Shicheng.At this time, Yuanzhang's main force was placed on the western front. In order to prevent the two fronts from fighting at the same time, he sent envoys to communicate with Zhang Shicheng, demanding that he be good-neighborly and defend the country, protect the environment and the people.Shi Cheng ignored it. [04] In July, Shicheng attacked Zhenjiang with a water army, fought fiercely with Yuanzhang's army, and was defeated in Longtan.Xu Da took advantage of the victory to besiege Changzhou, and Shicheng sent Shi Dechi to rescue him, who was captured by Xu Da.Shide is courageous and resourceful, respectful and virtuous corporal, helps Shicheng to establish a foundation and career, firmly refuses to surrender after being captured, and secretly sends a message to Shicheng, persuading him to surrender to the Yuan Dynasty, and is killed by Yuanzhang.

In February of the 17th year of Zhengzheng, Geng Bingwen of the Yuanzhang Department took Changxing, Changzhou in March, Taixing in May, and Jiangyin by Zhao Jizu and Wu Liang in June.Both Changxing and Jiangyin are important military strongholds. Changxing is located at the mouth of Taihu Lake, and can be connected to the counties of Guangde by land. Dare to go out of Guangde, spy on Xuan and She; won Jiangyin, sent Wu Liang to guard, Shicheng's navy could not go back to the river, Shangjin, Jiao, Shicheng's military situation has taken a turn for the worse since then, and he is at a disadvantage.In addition, in Jiaxing to the east, the Miao army Yang Wanzhe's troops were stationed. This minority army rushed and fought bravely. It defeated Zhang Shicheng's attacks several times.Over the past few years, Dashi Timur, the right prime minister of Yuan, Jiangsu and Zhejiang, tried every means to persuade Shicheng to surrender, so he had no choice but to listen to his brother's words and surrender again.The Yuan Dynasty government regarded Shicheng as Taiwei.On the surface, Shicheng was an official of the Yuan Dynasty, but in fact he had his own plans. He set up the Army Mansion and the Privy Council, which were divided into Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Huainan provinces.Li Bo was promoted to the general army. During the period of six or seven years, he invaded Jiangsu and Zhejiang in the south, occupied Hangzhou and Shaoxing, crossed the Yangtze River and Huaihe River in the north, and reached Jining (now Shandong). More than a thousand miles.

Shi Cheng surrendered to Yuan because he was threatened by Yuan Zhang militarily, and the Yuan Dynasty also had their plans to recruit Shi Cheng.It turned out that after the Red Army uprising, most of them were short of food and couldn't support them anymore.In order to solve the problem of transporting grain from the south to the north, Dashi Timur had to adopt a policy of appeasement to Zhang Shicheng and Fang Guozhen. He arranged for Shicheng to send grain, and Guozhen to send a ship to help Dadu by sea.Zhang Shicheng was afraid that the food he handed over to Fang Guozhen would be swallowed up, and he would not be credited if he lost the food; Fang Guozhen was afraid that his ship would be detained when he went out to sea. How many things have happened, from the 20th to the 23rd year of Zhizheng, more than a hundred thousand stones were transported every year.The discipline of Yang Wanzhe's troops was extremely bad. They robbed money and people, raped, burned and killed, and committed all kinds of crimes.The place where the garrison was stationed was worse than the war. There are folk songs describing it: Do not blame Taizhou Zhang (Shicheng) if you die, and do not thank Baoqing Yang (the finisher) if you live. [05] Relying on his strength, he did not listen to the constraints of Dashi Timur.Dashi Timur wanted to get rid of Yang Wanzhe, and He Shicheng made a plan. After attacking and killing the finished ones, most of the Miao soldiers fled to Yuanzhang.Dashi Timur did not have the support of the army, so he lost his political power. He was coerced by Shicheng in everything and was detained soon.Shi Cheng took advantage of the situation and entered the Miao Army defense area.In September of the 23rd year, he made himself king of Wu again, and Dashi Timur committed suicide. From then on, the Yuan Dynasty never agreed to collect grain. 【06】

The area occupied by Shicheng is rich in grain, and also has the benefits of fish, salt, mulberry, and hemp. It has a large population and is the most prosperous.He is prudent by nature, doesn't talk much, and treats people leniently, but he doesn't have a certain opinion. He just wants to hold on to this foundation, and is afraid of taking risks and making mistakes.The generals and ministers were all smugglers back then, but now it has become a situation, and they share the blessings. Shi Cheng couldn't bear to blame him for doing something wrong and even losing a big battle, and the rewards and punishments are unknown.Generals and ministers repair mansions, build gardens, raise actresses, play with antiques, have banquets, sing and dance with poets and scholars, and everything is corrupted.Even when the generals sent troops, they brought prostitutes to relieve their boredom.If you lose your troops and lose your territory, you will still lead your troops and serve as officials when you come back.Zhang Shide (1996) paid great attention to scholars of literature. Famous poets at that time, such as Chen Ji, Rao Jie, Wang Feng, Gao Qi, Yang Ji, Zhang Yu, Yang Weizhen, etc., all associated with him, and some worked in his shogunate.Shide played a very important role in the development of western Zhejiang and the decision-making of state affairs.Shi De was captured and killed, and Shi Xin (97th) became the prime minister, corrupt and incompetent, alienated from the old generals, and isolated from top to bottom.Shicheng is also pampered and too lazy to take care of things.Yuan Zhang asked people about this situation and said to people: I am careful in everything, and the law does not forgive lightly, and someone keeps it from me.Zhang Jiusi (Shicheng) does not go out all the year round and ignores political affairs, so he is not hiding it from others! [07] Shixin uses three people surnamed Huang, Cai, and Ye as staff to exercise power and abuse. There is a folk song in Soochow that says: The prime minister only relies on Huang Caiye to do his career. Once the westerly wind blows, he will be dry! 【08】

After Shicheng surrendered to the Yuan Dynasty, he wanted to see the famous poet Yang Weizhen at that time, but Weizhen refused.Shicheng asked for advice again, and Weizhen replied with a letter criticizing his shortcomings. The letter said: Your Excellency took advantage of the chaos to raise troops, advocated the Great Shun, and rewarded the royal family and the people of Huai and Wu. In one word, there are four things that are unattainable today based on what you have done. Four: Soldiers are not bloodthirsty. Also; frugality in self-serving, the third is; giving generously to officials and salary, but adultery and corruption must be punished, the fourth.This southeast hero looks forward to your ability and promise.

Your Excellency diligently seeks governance, and the upper and lower levels will never favor each other; outspoken words will never be abandoned; reputations will never be confused with the truth;I am afraid that your Excellency has more than just: mobilizing the power of the people to shake the foundation of the country; .Among the six, one or two of them can lose the state, and you can't help but think about it. What's more, those who are your generals have the heart of life, but have no ambition to die; There is power in the position; someone has a hypocrite and thinks it is loyal; someone has a lie and thinks it is upright;Your Excellency believes in sycophants as loyal, and then the ministers have Jin Shang who will use them; if you believe in fraud and uprightness, then the ministers have Zhao Gao and will use them;There is also a certain embroidery envoy who worships captives to beg for his life, and the prefect of a certain county flees first after watching the enemy.Right and wrong are absurd, black and white are both in disorder, how can the world govern itself?

I also observed that those who consulted and praised secrets on your left and right did not see their political problems.Why?There are few people who plan for you and many people who plan for yourself, and many people will mistake you.The body violates the six fears, there are many quarrels, if there is no internal change, there must be external disasters, and you don't wait for the wise to know it later.Your Excellency lives in Xiao'an and has no long-term worries. What can this southeast hero expect? 【09】 Yang Weizhen spoke from the standpoint of the Yuan Dynasty government, and what he blamed in the letter: Quanfang private people do not follow the system, and cashiers and state offices do not win.It is the truth to scold him for choosing officials for not paying food.In addition, point out Zhang Shicheng's four advantages and four shortcomings, and especially criticize Zhang Shicheng's generals, order guards, relatives, etc. who only think about themselves. Long-term thinking, predicting that he will not have internal changes, but external disasters.Yang Weizhen and Zhang Shicheng are at the same time, and many of his friends are officials in Soochow. These criticisms are based on facts and are credible and fair. From the sixteenth year of Yuan to Zhengzheng (the second year of Longfeng in Song Dynasty, 1356 AD), Shicheng and Yuanzhang attacked each other and attacked each other. In October of the eighteenth year of Zhengzheng, Xu Da and Shao Rong conquered Yixing. Yong'an led the water army to go deep into Taihu Lake, but the rear army failed and was captured by Lu Zhen, who refused to surrender and was imprisoned to death.In the first month of the following year, Hu Dahai conquered Shicheng's important town Zhuji, and Hangzhou was threatened. Shicheng tried his best to retake Zhuji. Lu Zhen retreated.In September of the 20th year, Zhuji was attacked for the second time. In March of the 22nd year, taking advantage of Yuanzhang's Jinhua and Chuzhou Miao army's rebellion, more than 10,000 people surrounded Zhuji with Zhang Shixin. The guard Xie Zaixing fought hard for 29 days and set up an ambush Outside the city, the defeated soldiers believe in the army.Shixin was in a hurry, so he increased his troops and attacked again. Zaixing asked for help from Li Wenzhong. Li Wenzhong ordered Hu Deji to rush to help, threatening that Xu Da and Shao Rong had led reinforcements from Yanzhou. Shixin's army was shaken and planned to retreat. On the attack, Shixin's army retreated in chaos.In September of the 23rd year, Li Bosheng announced that the army besieged Zhuji. The city of Zhuji was firmly guarded and could not retreat.In February 25th, Zhang Shixin commanded another 200,000 troops to attack, which was defeated by Li Wenzhong.These five battles consumed a lot of Soochow's military power. After the third battle for Zhuji, there was an unexpected setback in which Xie Zaixing defected to Zhang Shicheng. Xie Zaixing was the wife and father of Yuan Zhang's nephew Zhu Wenzheng, a former Huaixi general.Shicheng Shaoxing defender Lu Zhen built a weir in Zhuji. Every year, the water flooded, and he frequently went to the city. Zaixing sent people to steal executions from time to time.Two generals under his command sent people to Yangzhou to sell prohibited items. Yuanzhang found out, fearing that the military aircraft would be leaked, he killed the two men and hung their heads on the Zaixing Hall. Zaixing couldn't stand it anymore.Yuan Zhang also decided to marry his second daughter to Xu Da.Zhao Zaixing went to Yingtian to discuss military affairs. After returning to the defense, Li Menggeng was sent to join the army to control Zhuji's soldiers and horses. Zaixing became the deputy general.Zaixing was very angry and said: I don't know about the marriage of a woman, but I have the same marriage.And let me listen to people's restraint!Li Menggeng was forced to surrender to Lu Zhen in Shaoxing. Yuan Zhang was very angry and said: Xie Zaixing is my in-laws. It is unforgivable to surrender to the Zhang family against me. [10] Since then, he has grown suspicious of his subordinates and generals, and the surveillance on them has become more stringent. The battle between Western Wu and another stronghold of Eastern Wu was Changxing. In November of the 21st year, Situ Li Bosheng of Eastern Wu led more than 100,000 people, marched by land and water, and surrounded Changxing. There were only 7,000 guards in the city. In Yuchun, Shao Rong rushed to the rescue one after another, but Bo Sheng was defeated.In October 24th, Zhang Shixin attacked Changxing again and was defeated by Geng Bingwen and Tang He.In addition, Shao Rong attacked Huzhou in February of the nineteenth year, Chang Yuchun attacked Hangzhou in December, and Hu Dahai attacked Shaoxing. Although they all won battles, they were unable to conquer the city and achieved decisive results. In the long-term battle against Soochow, Yuan Zhang's subordinates Shao Rong and Zhao Jizu made a lot of contributions.Shao Rong and Zhao Jizu were also comrades in arms at the beginning of Yuan Zhang. Shao Rong conquered Yixing with Xu Da in the eighteenth year of Zhizheng, defeated Zhang Shicheng's army in Yuhang in the nineteenth year, and defeated Li Bosheng in Huzhou. Tongzhi of the Privy Council was promoted to Zhongshu Pingzhang's political affairs, and his status was higher than that of General Chang Yuchun.In the 22nd year, the Miao army in Chuzhou rebelled, and Shao Rong was ordered to lead the army to put it down.Responding triumphantly to Tianhou, he and Zhao Jizu, who participated in politics, conspired to assassinate Zhu Yuanzhang, which was reported by the school inspector [11] Song Guoxing. Yuanzhang ordered Liao Yongzhong to arrange a banquet. During the banquet, two people were arrested and their necks were locked. Yuanzhang drank with them and asked: I Standing on the same level as you, hoping to succeed in business, sharing wealth and honor, as a generation of monarchs and ministers, how do you want to murder me?Rong replied: "We have been going out for years to claim the city, and we have suffered a lot. We can't stay and enjoy ourselves with our wife, so we make this plan."He refused to drink, and said to Zhao Jizu: If it had been done earlier, the hound died under the bed today.Both were hanged. [12] This public case is considered to be treason in the historical records of the Ming Dynasty. Only Tan Qian, a historian at the end of the Ming Dynasty, believes that Zhu Yuanzhang and Shao Rong were both generals of the Song Dynasty at that time: Dujiang Xunjiu, a couple who are all fish suits, and the lord has not yet been determined. Waiting for the barbarians to look at each other, seeing that the handle of the soldier is held alone, it is inevitable to do whatever they want. [13] It is correct to say that their actions are not rebellious.Nevertheless, this incident had a profound impact on Yuanzhang, and internal rifts occurred, and control must be strengthened.Not long after, the incident of Xie Zaixing defecting to the enemy occurred, which made him more aware of the need to firmly grasp military power and establish a necessary system so that generals could not specialize troops and the army could not be controlled by any general. Both are closely related to these two things. Yuanzhang and Zhang Shicheng have been at each other for ten years, and they fight back and forth, but neither side can take advantage.It wasn't until Yuanzhang concentrated his forces and attacked Soochow after his triumphant return from Wuchang that the situation changed drastically. 【14】 Yuanzhang's offensive against Soochow was divided into three steps: the first offensive started in October of the 25th year of Zhizheng, and the target of the attack was the Huai River Basin in the northern border of Soochow. In the counties of Tongzhou, Xinghua, Yancheng, Taizhou, Gaoyou, Huai'an, Xuzhou, Suzhou, and Anfeng, Sun Deya had already died, and Haozhou was surrounded by enemies and surrendered.In half a year, the scheduled task was completed, so that the military strength of Soochow was confined to the south of the Yangtze River. The second offensive started in August of the 26th year. The troops were divided into two groups to attack Huzhou and Hangzhou, cutting off the left and right arms of Soochow. The third offensive was the siege of Pingjiang. From December of the 26th year to September of the first year of Wu, it took a total of ten months to capture Pingjiang and capture Zhishicheng, ending the ten-year tug-of-war. After Yuanzhang occupied all the cities along the Huai River, in May of the twenty-sixth year of Zhengzheng, he sent a call to denounce Zhang Shicheng. Gai Wen's crusade against the people, the teacher of the king, has been tested in ancient times, and it is clear from generation to generation.At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, the lord lived in the deep palace, the ministers were powerful, the officials were bribed, and the crime was avoided by affection.The temple didn't take it seriously, so they added redundant officials, changed the banknote law, and enslaved hundreds of thousands of people, drowning the Yellow River, laying their heads on the road, and hearing their sorrows in the sky.As a result, foolish people mistakenly fall into the sorcery, do not understand the absurdity of the gatha, and believe in the true existence of Maitreya, hoping that he can govern the world. With the suffering of Su, they gather as a party to burn incense, and spread to He and Luo according to Ru and Ying.As soon as the demonic words are done, the murderous scheme is carried out, burning the city walls, killing scholars, and poisoning the living, in a variety of ways.Yuan asked for money and food from the world's soldiers and horses, which was somewhat ineffective and became more and more rampant, but in the end it could not govern the world and stabilize the people.It is a person with lofty ideals, watching carefully, taking advantage of the situation, or using the name of the fake Yuan clan, or the name of the Tuoxiang army, or using the lonely soldier to stand on his own, all want to do things for themselves, and the world will fall apart. For the people of Haoliang, who were first enlisted in the army, and gradually promoted to the army, they saw the evil words and couldn't get things done.Relying on the spirit of the ancestors of heaven and earth, and the strength of the generals, one drum will lead to Jiangzuo, and another battle will determine eastern Zhejiang.The title of the Chen family, according to my upstream, Yuan Xing asked the teacher of the crime, Peng Li fought with the army, Yuan E was awarded the head, father and son brothers, bound the public in the face, not only waiting for death, but also ennobled, the generals were all placed in the imperial class, and the people The common people are all settled in the fields, and Jing, Xiang, Hu, and Guang are all included in the territory. Although the morality is not as good as it is, the government orders are quite repaired. But Zhang Shicheng in Gusu, for the people, sold salt goods privately, robbed the rivers and lakes, and when the army flourished, he gathered the criminals and took them to the island, which is the same crime; Convicting him of participating in politics, Zhao Lian, and imprisoning him to control Sun Yi, his crimes are two. Later, he attacked the west of Zhejiang, with less than ten thousand soldiers, and the land was less than a thousand miles away. Captured his relatives alive, committed crimes against Zhejiang Province again, raised his spears straight to the outskirts, flinched head and tail, and feigned surrender to the Yuan Dynasty. His crimes are fourfold; ), the five crimes; occupying the money and food in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, and not paying tribute for ten years, the six crimes; knowing Yuangang has fallen, openly causing his prime minister to know Timur, and the Nantai doctor popularizing Timur, the seven crimes; Relying on the dangerous land and sufficient food, luring me to rebel the general and plundering the people on the border, I have committed eight crimes.All these eight crimes should be punished in order to calm the world and benefit the people.Xu Da, Prime Minister of Zuo, was ordered by Zhongshu to lead the boat division of the Ma Bu officer army, advance by land and water, and capture various cities in western Zhejiang.The generals have been ordered to conquer the place, wipe out Jue Qukui, threaten to rule in arrogance, and have regulations.Where I escaped from the residents and was trapped as a sergeant, if I come back after repenting, I will forgive my crimes.Qier Zhang's officials, if they can clearly understand the time of day, whether the whole city will obey, or surrender, they will be rewarded with honors, and they will not be stingy.All common people, if they can live in peace and do not move, that is to say, my good people, who used to have land and houses, are still in charge of the front, paying grain according to their quota, and have nothing to take from them, so that you can keep your hometown forever and use your whole family.This is the reason for promoting teachers.Those who dare to gather thousands of people to resist the king's teacher should move troops to exterminate them, move their clans to Wuxi, Guangdong and Guangxi, and leave their hometowns forever to guard against the frontier army.Whatever I say, faith is like the bright sun, and you, ministers and concubines, don't doubt yourself. The call-to-action begins: the imperial decree of the emperor, the decree of the king of Wu, the commander-in-chief of the army, and the ministerial counselor, respectfully follow the decree.Ending: Respect this, in addition to respecting compliance, please implement it, approve this, and prepare a document list for the co-operation, so it will be implemented according to the decree.All the essays must be given to those who give them.On May 22, the twelfth year of Longfeng, the state judge Xu Shijie arrived. [15] Simultaneously with this proclamation, there is also a proclamation of the same nature to the officials and people of Xuzhou: Nearly since Hu Yuan lost his power and raised troops from Ru and Ying, the people of the world thought that the heroes were excited and peace could be achieved.But he only deceives the people with demonic words, he cannot obey the will of heaven and please the hearts of the people, but he will perish from the bottom.And when Yuan soldiers gathered, the old generals and old ministers, although they had the power to hold the army, had no strategy to put down the chaos.As a result, the Central Plains were in turmoil, and the city walls and hills were ruined. For more than ten years, disasters and chaos were extremely serious. 【16】 These two texts are full of the thoughts of Confucianism, the representative of feudal theory. It can be clearly seen that it is the strategy of Liu Ji, Song Lian and others, and it may also be their handwriting.The eight crimes accusing Zhang Shicheng, except the fourth and eighth ones related to Western Wu, the other six are Zhang Shicheng's crimes of betraying the Yuan Dynasty. Regardless of the beginning and the end, it is easy to misunderstand that it is the crusade order of the Yuan Dynasty government. Zhu Yuanzhang He even denounced the enemy from the standpoint of the Yuan Dynasty government he opposed. It can also be seen from this that Zhu Yuanzhang really cannot accuse Zhang Shicheng of any crimes.At the end of the call to arms, the military and civilians of the Eastern Wu were divided, explaining that only the chief criminals were killed, and the accomplices were not held accountable; those who surrendered from the officials of the Eastern Wu were given to the officials; the fugitive residents and the surrendering soldiers were allowed to return, and the people were mainly landlords who could settle down, and they were allowed to keep their property. It turned out that the fields and houses were for the surrender of bureaucrats and landlords under the rule of Soochow, and to reduce the resistance of the army to attack. This passage clearly stated that his position had changed, from opposing feudal landlords to safeguarding the vested interests of feudal landlords. The position has changed.It is particularly worth noting that in order to eliminate the suspicion and fear of the Red Army by the bureaucrats and landlords of Soochow.In the first paragraph, it is emphasized to denounce the Maitreya religion as sorcery, sorcery, and murder, listing their crimes of murder and arson, mainly of killing scholar-bureaucrats, and solemnly proclaiming that they have already seen that sorcery cannot be accomplished, and do not believe it.He has betrayed the Maitreya religion.Chen Youliang's father, brother and son surrendered, they were all enfeoffed as marquises, the generals were all high-ranking officials, and the landlords and peasants lived in peace.In this way, the call to denounce Zhang Shicheng is essentially a call to condemn the Red Army, and the emperor who is the highest figure condemned is precisely the leader of the Red Army, Song Emperor Xiaoming Wang!It seems to be full of contradictions on the surface, but it is not contradictory in essence.These two proclamations openly and officially announced Zhu Yuanzhang’s rebuke and betrayal of Maitreyaism and the Red Army, denied his and the entire army’s past belief in Maitreyaism, took off the cloak of religious superstition, and further declared that the mission of the march was to punish crimes. The purpose of saving the people is to make the common people live in the fields and keep the people in the countryside forever. He publicly canceled the content of class struggle, publicly declared his betrayal of the peasant uprising, clearly maintained the old feudal landlord class order, and guaranteed Landlords and common people live in peace and stability. This is an epoch-making change in Zhu Yuanzhang's life, from the leader of the peasant uprising to the leader of the landlord class.Tao An, Li Xi, Liu Ji, Song Lian, and other landlord Confucian scholars have played a role in the past few years, and by this time they have become clear, concrete, and public.The army of the Song Dynasty is gone, the generals are all dead, King Xiao Ming lives in Chuzhou, and only his name remains, and the signboard of the Red Army has no appeal. In line with this foundation, we had to put forward new slogans to win the support of the landlords and gentry, the support of the militias and township troops from all over the country, and the sympathy and support of the scholar-bureaucrats. These two proclamations divide Zhu Yuanzhang's life into two periods. In the first period, he was a Maitreya believer and the leader of a peasant uprising, whose task was to destroy the old feudal social order; The representative of the feudal ruling theory, Confucianism, protects the law, not only to consolidate the vested interests of the feudal landlord class, but also to establish and maintain the old and new landlord class regime and feudal order. Zhu Yuanzhang has publicly declared a break with the Red Army, and the existence of King Xiaoming is meaningless.In December of the twenty-sixth year of Zhengzheng (the twelfth year of Dragon and Phoenix), Yuanzhang sent general Liao Yongzhong to meet King Xiaoming and cross the river in Guazhou.King Xiao Ming died, and Song Dynasty died. [17] After that, Zhu Yuanzhang no longer mentioned the matter of dragon and phoenix, and even the memorial monument for defeating Soochow in Xicheng, Zhenjiang, was destroyed because of the year name of dragon and phoenix. [18] The relevant historical materials of dragon and phoenix in the documents were completely destroyed.The "Records of Ming Taizu" compiled after Yuan Zhang's death did not mention the relationship between Yuan Zhang and the dragon and phoenix ministers. This period of history was annihilated and distorted for hundreds of years. In Yuan Zhang's second offensive against Soochow, he mobilized 200,000 troops, with General Xu Da and Deputy General Chang Yuchun as commanders.Before dispatching troops to discuss the strategy, Chang Yuchun insisted on taking Pingjiang directly, thinking that once the lair was destroyed, the remaining counties could go down without a fight.Yuan Zhang decided to use Ye Dui's second strategy, thinking that Shi Cheng was born as a salt owl, and the guards of Hu and Hangzhou counties were all fearless and fearless, sharing weal and woe.If we attack Pingjiang first, the defenders of Hu and Hangzhou will definitely work together to save our hometown, and the reinforcements will be combined, so it is not easy to win.It is better to try to disperse his forces, first take the lake and resist, Shicheng can't rescue, our army can concentrate our forces, break through individually, once the branches and leaves are gone, the foundation will be shaken, making Shicheng exhausted, and then move the troops to go straight to Pingjiang, we will surely succeed.So he divided his troops and besieged Hangzhou and Huzhou.Yuanzhang personally swore to be a master, exhorting him to be harmonious with the generals, not to bully the soldiers left and right, not to burn, kill and loot when entering the city, and not to dig graves, especially Zhang Shicheng's mother's grave outside Pingjiang City. Increase resistance.After saying it, it was written into a commandment, and it was printed and distributed to the sergeant. 【19】 In the third offensive, after the attack of Hu and Hangzhou, apply Ye Dui's method of destroying the city, encircle Pingjiang, Xu Dajun's Fengmen, Chang Yuchun's Huqiu, Guo Xingjun's Loumen, Huayun's Longjun's Xumen, Tang He's army's Changmen , Wang Bijun's Pan Gate, Zhang Wenjun's West Gate, Kang Maocai's North Gate, Geng Bingwen's Army City in the northeast, Qiu Cheng's Army City in the southwest, He Wenhui's Army City in the northwest, surrounded by long siege.There is also a three-story wooden tower, which overlooks the city from below. It is called the enemy tower.Xiangyang artillery was also set up to bombard day and night.Shicheng defended to the death, with no reinforcements outside, no food and grass inside, and failed to break through again.Yuanzhang repeatedly sent people to persuade him to surrender, but Shicheng firmly refused.When the city was broken, he personally led the troops to fight in the streets. Seeing that it was too late, he burned his family members to death. He also hanged himself, but was rescued by the generals.On the boat, he closed his eyes and did not speak, nor did he eat or drink.Yuanzhang ignored the question, but Li Shanchang asked and was scolded.Yuanzhang was so angry that he beat him to death with a messy stick, and even his bones were burned to ashes. Shicheng was forty-seven years old this year, and Soochow died. 【20】 Yuan Zhang later summed up the experience of defeating the two enemies of Han and Wu with his officials and said: Among the heroes at the end of the Yuan Dynasty, Zhang Shicheng and Chen Youliang were the strongest. Only by keeping your word, working hard, and working together with everyone can you succeed.At the beginning, it was sandwiched between Han and Wu, and Shicheng was especially close. Some people advocated attacking Soochow first.My point of view is that Youliang is Zhijiao, Shicheng is small, and Zhijiao likes to make troubles, and the small one has no long-term plans, so I decided to attack Youliang first. In this decisive battle at Poyang Lake, Shicheng really can't step out of Pingjiang.If I attack Shicheng first, I will definitely come from the empty country, and I will be forced to fight on two fronts. 【twenty one】 Li Bosheng was one of Shicheng's eighteen brothers. They started an incident at the same time. His father, Li Xingsu, was the prime minister.Pingjiang sticks to it, and he is the one who made the lobbyists recruit him to surrender, and he is the one who handed Shicheng over to Chang Yuchun.Pingjiang people remember this period of history, and anyone who betrays his friends is called Li Situ [22]. It took fourteen years for Zhang Shicheng to go from his army to his defeat.Before the city was broken, he burned all the fish scale books for tax collection. Pingjiang stood firm in October. Zhu Yuanzhang hated the local people for Shicheng's resolute refusal to defend. 【23】For six hundred years, people in Suzhou have burned Jiusi incense every July 30th, entrusted with the name Burning Dizang Incense; Jiusi is Shicheng's nickname, and July 30th is Shicheng's birthday. 【24】From these two incidents, it can be seen that Shicheng had the firm support of the local landlords, and his regime had also changed in nature, belonging to the landlord class. After Yuanzhang's army returned triumphantly, they were rewarded for their merits. The next day, all the generals thanked them. Yuanzhang asked if there was a banquet to celebrate, and they all said that they were very happy after the banquet.Yuan Zhang said: I don't want to have a feast with the army for a day, but the Central Plains have not yet settled down, and it is not the time for Yan'an.You should remember Zhang Shicheng's lesson. He often had banquets, sang songs, and pleasures with generals and ministers. What happened today should be taken as a warning.He also spoke to the surrendered generals of Eastern Wu: You are all Zhang Shicheng's old troops. As generals and leading troops, you have no choice but to surrender because of poverty.I treat you well and let you be generals.But I want to explain a truth to you. The generals I use are mostly from Hao, Si, Ru, Ying, Shouchun, and Dingyuan states.It is not as rich and prosperous as Jiangsu and Zhejiang, and indulges in leisure and pleasure.You are not from rich and noble families. Once you became generals and led soldiers, you randomly took treasures from people and children, and did all kinds of bad things.Now that you are here with me, you have to get rid of your old problems and be like my Hao and Si generals in order to keep your title.Everyone wants to be rich, but it is not difficult to obtain wealth, but it is difficult to keep it for a long time.You can really do your best to eliminate violence and chaos together with the army, and unify the world as soon as possible. Not only can you enjoy wealth, but your descendants can also enjoy happiness.If you only seek temporary gratification and don't look forward, although you are temporarily happy, you will not be able to avoid future failure.This is something you have seen with your own eyes, so you must refrain from it. 【25】 After the encirclement of Pingjiang, in September of the first year of Wu, Yuanzhang sent generals to attack Zhejiang Eastern Guozhen, ordered Zhu Liangzu to participate in politics, and led Zhejiang, Quzhou, Jinhua and other guards to attack Taizhou. General Tang He and Deputy General Wu Zhen led Changzhou, Changxing, and Yixing. , The armies of Jiangyin attacked Qingyuan (now Ningbo, Zhejiang).He also ordered Liao Yongzhong, the deputy general of Zhengnan, to lead the navy to attack from the sea, and join Tang He's army to cut off Guozhen's retreat into the sea. From the eighth year of Zhizheng, Fang Guozhen gathered people to revolt at sea, and in December of the first year of Wu, he descended to Western Wu and was the first to revolt among the heroes, ruling eastern Zhejiang for twenty years. Huangyan, Taizhou is close to the sea, with a lot of people and little land. Farmers with no land and little land have to rely on the sea for food, fishing for salt, and crossing the ocean. They spend more days at sea than on land.Guozhen and her brothers Guozhang, Guoying, and Guomin have been selling salt for generations.Guozhen is a well-known local tyrant, tall and tall, with a black and purple face, strong physical strength, and quick steps.In the early years of Zhengzheng, pirates plundered merchants, robbed the imperial food tanker, and killed the envoys who supervised the transportation. The local officials tried their best to hunt down Guozhen. , led the whole family and neighbors to flee into the sea in fear of trouble, gathered thousands of people, and robbed everywhere. 【26】The Yuan Dynasty sent troops to encircle and kill, Guozhen defeated the official army, and even captured the generals.He was recruited as Ding Haiwei.Soon he rebelled, captured the general of the Yuan Dynasty, and was recruited as a high official.In this way, when you descend and rebel, you will be promoted every time you repeat it.Until the seventeenth year of Zhengzheng, he was able to transport grain to thousands of households by sea in the eastern provinces of Yuan and Zhejiang.Based in Qingyuan, he also controlled Wenzhou and Taizhou, occupied the coastal areas of eastern Zhejiang, owned thousands of naval vessels, and controlled rich fishing and salt resources. His brothers, nephews and nephews were all high-ranking officials. 【27】 After Yuanzhang captured Wuzhou, he faced Guozhen.Guozhen's military strength is weak, Zhang Shicheng is in the north, and Chen Youding is in the south. He is not on good terms with these two families. He also verbally said that he was willing to donate the three counties, but he refused to give the title of Dragon and Phoenix.Yuanzhang sent envoys to supervise many times, and Guozhen said: At the beginning, the three counties were dedicated to protect the people, so the superior (the monarch was called the superior at the time) was asked to send more troops and horses to guard and return the city.If Zhang Shicheng and Chen Youding come to attack Zhengshuo suddenly, it will be dangerous if the reinforcements fail to arrive.It's not as good as the aunt's name, so they can't find any crimes to attack.If I really want to honor the title of the Dragon and Phoenix Year, I must send out more army horses. Once the army horses arrive, they will be returned with the three counties.I am willing to lead my younger brother and nephew to Yingtian to obey orders, and I will not be an official all my life, so as to repay Yuan's kindness.When Yuan Zhang heard about it, he smiled: "That's fine, let's put it there."When I take Pingjiang down, it will be too late for him to Fengzheng Shuo. 【28】國珍一面向西吳進貢，一面又替元朝運糧，腳踏兩隻船，左右搖擺。到元璋取了杭州以後，國珍越發害怕，使人北通擴廓帖木兒，南聯陳友定，打算結成犄角之勢，抵抗西吳進攻。還盤算萬一兩頭的支援都靠不住，敵不過，好在他有千數的海船，到時載滿金銀財寶，闔家逃奔大海，也還夠一輩子享用。主意打定，日夜搜集珍寶，修治船隻，準備隨時下海。 【29】 吳元年九月，朱亮祖軍進佔台州、溫州，湯和大軍長驅直取慶元，國珍進入海中，又為廖永忠水軍所敗。走投無路，只好哀辭求降。西吳軍從進攻到凱旋，前後不過三個多月。 【30】 這一年，韓林兒已死，龍鳳年號不能再用了，更不能用元至正年號。按甲子這年是丁未年，未屬羊，童謠不是說：但看羊兒年，便是吳家國嗎，東吳已在包圍中了，為了再一次應童謠，元璋下令叫這年為吳元年。 Notes from the original book: 01：《明太祖實錄》卷十四 02：《秘閣元龜政要》，《輟耕錄》 03：《國初群雄事略》周張士誠，周昂《元季伏莽志》 04：《明太祖實錄》卷四 05：《輟耕錄》卷二十九《紀隆平》，姚桐壽《樂郊私語》 06：《輟耕錄》卷八《志苗》，卷二十九《紀隆平》，《元史》卷一百四十《達識帖木兒傳》，《明太祖實錄》卷二十，吳寬《平吳錄》 07：《國初事蹟》 08：《明太祖實錄》卷二十，《平吳錄》，《明史》卷三十《五行志》。《實錄》文字有不同，作：黃蔡葉，作齒頰，一夜西風來，乾癟！ 09：貝瓊《貝清江集》卷二《鐵崖先生傳》 10：《國初事蹟》，《元季伏莽志》 11：元璋的特務人員稱為檢校。 12：此據劉辰《國初事蹟》，《明太祖實錄》卷十一。支偉成《吳王張士誠載記》引俞本《紀事錄》：八月，平章邵榮、參政趙繼祖等部海船於二村港，哨張氏謀叛，部下士密告之，朱吳公命廖永忠等謀邀飲擒之，泣數其罪，共宴數日，中秋夜俱斬於聚寶門。以為邵榮、趙繼祖要帶海船投降張士誠，記載不同。 13：《國榷》卷一 14：《明史》卷一百二十三《張士誠傳》，《國初群雄事略》卷七《周張士誠》引逸名《農田餘話》 15：檄文全文見《平吳錄》、祝允明《前聞記》、《野記》、陸深《續停驂錄》四書。《前聞記》和《平吳錄》文字不同處很多，有事後審的，如元璋在發此檄文時為吳王，皇帝指小明王，《前聞記》元璋自稱朕，《平吳錄》則稱予稱我，顯然《平吳錄》是比較可靠的，也有些地方如鄉軍指地主軍，《前聞記》作香軍，《平吳錄》作鄉軍，也據《平吳錄》。 16：《明太祖實錄》卷十六 17：《庚申外史》，朱權《通鑒博論》，高岱《鴻猷錄》《宋事始末》，潘檉章《國史考異》十六 18：《國初事蹟》 19：《明太祖實錄》卷十六，關於張士誠母親的墳，確是受到保護，完整無損的。這個墳在一九六四年六月下旬因擴建小學被發現，進行了科學的發掘，詳情見《考古》一九六五年第五期《蘇州吳張士誠母曹氏墓清理簡報》。 20：《國初群雄事略》卷七《周張士誠》引俞本《紀事錄》《明太祖實錄》卷二十，《平吳錄》。 21：《明史》《太祖本錄》 22：《國初群雄事略》卷七引《冶城客論》 23：顧公燮《消夏閑記》 24：柴萼《梵天廬叢錄》 25：《明太祖實錄》卷二十 26：葉子奇《草木子》，宋濂《方國珍神道碑銘》，《明太祖實錄》卷八十八，《國初群雄事略》卷八《方穀真》。 27：《明史》卷一百二十三《方國珍傳》 28：《國初事蹟》 29：《明史》卷一百二十三《方國珍傳》 30：《國初群雄事略》卷八《方穀真》