Chapter 12 Ten, rhetorical questions

one One afternoon, Mr. Yang passed by the discipline office and heard the dean of discipline training a student: You are 1.5 meters tall, are you considered a child?When you go to school, you should arrive late and leave early, and you should doze off in class, right?Monthly exam results, four important homework failed, are you happy?I took the report card home and didn't dare to show it to my parents, so I lit a match and burned it. Is the problem solved?If you go on like this, what can you do in the future?Do you have the strength to be a worker?Be a beggar, have your legs broken?Can't do anything, be a little hooligan?

After a pause, the dean of instruction blasted a series of question marks at the student's head: What do you want to do in the future?Do hooligans?Be a beggar?Should I pass the monthly exam?Should report cards be shown to parents?Should you doze off in class?Should I leave school early?Who are you going to lie to?Why cheat?Why dishonest?We celebrate April Fools' Day every day, don't we? The student who was reprimanded looked downcast, but at the same time had to straighten his legs and maintain an upright posture from the shoulders down, which looked a bit ridiculous.He dared not answer the questions raised by the dean of students, not only because he was not allowed to answer politely, but also because the answer to every question was not good for himself.As for the dean of students, he obviously found it difficult to scold a student. He had to come up with a lot of ugly words to make the student ashamed and sad without losing his teacher's demeanor.He asked the student a series of questions, knowingly, the purpose of asking these questions was not to get answers, but to use rhetorical questions to express his own opinions and complete his criticism of the student.

Hearing the dean training the students, Mr. Yang remembered a movie he watched recently.The main scene of the movie is the court trial.For a murder case, the plaintiff's prosecutor and the defendant's defense lawyer were at odds with each other.Prosecutors and lawyers, however, do not debate directly; they take turns cross-examining witnesses.They tried their best to question the other side's witnesses, so as to show that the other side was wronged and they were right.The lawyer or the prosecutor used rhetorical questions to express their opinions and complete the criticism of the witness.Mr. Yang still remembers a dialogue like this:

Lawyer (in a low voice): Can you hear me clearly? Plaintiff Witness: What did you say? Lawyer (lower voice): Can you hear me clearly now? Plaintiff Witness: Huh?What? Lawyer (raising his voice): Is there something wrong with your ears? Witness for the plaintiff: There's a little bug, but it doesn't bother me. Lawyer: You said that on the night when the mistress was killed, you heard a man in the mistress's room, and the two were talking and laughing, right? Witness for the plaintiff: Yes. Lawyer: That man, you think is the defendant, right? Witness for the plaintiff: Yes.

Lawyer: Do you live in the owner's house? Witness for the plaintiff: Yes. Lawyer: The hostess lives upstairs, and you live downstairs next to the kitchen? Witness for the plaintiff: Yes. Lawyer: Someone is speaking upstairs, can you hear whose voice it is? Witness for the plaintiff: No one can laugh like a hostess. Lawyer: What kind of joke is that?A joke with love in it? Witness for the plaintiff: I think so. Lawyer: That night, before the hostess died, at what time did you hear the sound of talking and laughing upstairs? Plaintiff Witness: Around nine thirty. Lawyer: Does the TV company have a program called Lovely Family?

Witness for the plaintiff: Yes. Lawyer: This program is broadcast from 9:20pm to 9:40pm.How do you know that the voice of talking and laughing upstairs that night was not the hostess watching the program alone? plaintiff witness Judging from the movie, the main process of judicial trials in the United Kingdom and the United States is that both sides cross-examine each other's witnesses and use rhetorical questioning to overturn the testimony of the other party.In that judicial system, both lawyers and prosecutors honed their questioning skills, breaking down their arguments into question marks.This is really similar to the way the dean trains the students.

While having dinner, Mr. Yang heard someone at the dinner table advocate that girls only need to be literate and do not need higher education.He immediately thought that a series of rhetorical questions could be used to criticize the statement that girls should not receive higher education.Example: Do girls have no eyes?Are girls not intelligent?Are there no female doctors in the hospital?Are there no female teachers in schools?Isn't Madame Curie a woman?Isn't Wu Jianxiong a woman? two For several days, the community has been discussing the common sense of exempting exams.Graduates from national schools were required to take three homework tests when entering junior high school: Mandarin, arithmetic, and general knowledge. Later, the education authorities felt that the schoolwork burden for the children was too heavy, so they decided not to take general knowledge in the entrance examination for junior high school. In this way, the schoolwork burden for the children was reduced. However, some national schools do not pay attention to the teaching of common sense because of this, or even do not teach common sense at all.So some people worry that the result of exempting common sense from the test will make the second generation have no common sense.How can a country be founded if its citizens have no common sense?Therefore, some people think that the result of exempting common sense is to shake the foundation of the country.

Mr. Yang turned on the radio, just in time to hear the questions about common sense about exemption from exams and the country.The host of the show seemed to disagree with the statement that the common sense of exempting the exam is enough to shake Guoben, but he didn't give his reasons in a complete manner. He only asked the other party a few questions, and made his point clearly.Mr. Yang thought the conversation on the radio was very good, but it was a pity that he didn't have time to write it down. Fortunately, he knew the host of the show, so he immediately wrote a letter to praise the speech.A few days later, the transcript of the speech arrived, which read as follows:

Guest: Mr. Wang, do you agree or not to restore the general knowledge test? Host: Are you saying that the entrance exam for junior high school should take general knowledge? Guest: Yes. Master: In my opinion, according to the current situation, it is better not to take the common sense test. Guest: No!How can you not take the common sense test?If common sense is not tested, common sense will not be taught in national schools, and students will have no common sense. Students in national schools will have no common sense. In the future, the second generation of citizens will not have common sense. Think about it, a country can still exist if its people have no common sense. ?Doesn't the common sense of exemption from the test shake the country's foundation?

Host: Mr. Li, you mean that common sense textbooks in national schools must be taught, right? Guest: Yes. Master: You mean, in order for them to teach in a practical manner, they must take the exam well when entering higher education, right? Guest: Yes! Master: If you don’t teach, don’t take tests, and no one knows what’s in the common sense textbooks, then the country’s foundation will be shaken, right? Guest: Of course! Host: Mr. Li, I have a general knowledge textbook here, which is a textbook for national schools.The book asks: What year did the Nobel Prizes start?Do you know? Guest: Well, I don't know.

Host: How long is China's coastline?Where does the North start?Where does the south end? Guest: I forgot. Host: There are three kinds of batteries, what is the first one?What is the second type?What is the third type?How many overseas Chinese are there in the Nanyang Islands?How many countries became independent after World War II?There are many churches in Italy, which one is famous?On which mountain did Temujin of the Yuan Dynasty live? Guest: I don't believe there will be such a problem, you are kidding me! Host: Mr. Li, the textbook is here, and I can't recite the answers to these questions.May I ask you, do you feel that the country has been shaken now? In addition to copying the original manuscript, the other party wrote a letter to Mr. Yang, making a counter-request.The host of the show received a letter from the audience. The audience was very young. He said that he was not interested in girls at all, and he didn't like to deal with them, and he didn't even want to look at them. So, The girls all criticized him for being arrogant and saying he was unreasonable.He wrote to the program host for advice, asking what to do, and the program host turned to Mr. Yang for advice and asked him to write a reply.Mr. Yang thought for a while and wrote: A gentleman wrote me a very interesting letter.He said that he was not interested in the ladies at all. When he met the ladies, not only did he not like to talk to them, but he didn't even like to look at them.Since his attitude is like this, the attitude of the ladies towards him is of course very unfriendly, and sometimes, Mr. Fang finds it very troublesome.About one day, when he felt troubled, he wrote me a letter. From Mr. Fang's point of view, he is probably a very moral gentleman, and he has always seen no evil.In fact, this idea is too roundabout.According to our new moral standards, when Mr. Fang meets a woman he likes, he can look at her openly.Miss is very welcome you to see her.Think about it, when we men go out, we just wear a tie and leave, while the ladies have to look at the mirror for a long time when they go out.Why is she not afraid of trouble like that, isn't it just to show you?If you don't look at her, wouldn't it be a waste of all her efforts?Of course, when you look at him, you should look at him openly and with kind eyes.When someone looks at a lady, his eyes are straightened, and the corners of his mouth are almost drooling, which is of course very indecent. In my opinion: Mr. Fang seems to lack an ability, which is the ability to get along with women.Many men in society think that women are difficult to get along with, and when they are with women, he feels wronged.He felt that turning around in front of a woman was very boring, and it would be more comfortable to walk away from her and stay away from her.Is this kind of comfort really comfortable?No, after thinking about it, it was really uncomfortable.Such a man can live very lonely, and is often unable to get married very, very late.I advise Mr. Fang to develop an ability, which is the ability to get along with women.Mr. Fang, if you have female colleagues, female neighbors, if you meet female shop assistants or female hairdressers, please treat them with a normal attitude.They are neither angels nor monsters, they are human beings.You don't have to be nervous, shy, or impatient, you don't have to flatter them on purpose, but you don't have to avoid them on purpose, you don't have to see them on purpose, but you don't have to ignore them on purpose either. After finishing writing, Mr. Yang suddenly thought: Why not write in a rhetorical tone?He took another sheet of paper and rewrote from the second paragraph: Mr. Fang, do you advocate seeing no evil? You think boys shouldn't look at girls, don't you? Please tell me, why shouldn't it? Aren't they pretty?Isn't it cute? Are they monsters?Is it a fairy? Before going out, the girl tidied up in front of the mirror for a long time. What was she doing for it? If you look at her generously, do you find it difficult? Do you find it difficult to talk to her in an ordinary way? Are you hiding from them on purpose? Looking at her generously, or talking to them in a normal way, is a kind of appreciation and politeness to them.Do you agree with this statement? When mailing this manuscript, Mr. Yang felt that he could draw a conclusion, that is: Rhetorical questions can be used to explain the truth.Since ancient times, who has never died?That is to say, everyone is mortal.Are you willing to pay fame to vulgar people?It means not to.How far apart?Meaning there is very little difference.Why waste it?It just cannot be abolished.Isn't the old life all boring?yes!Is it not all degenerate?yes! Like Yu Yue's theory of the four subjects of Confucianism, it is a ready-made example: In the past, the Analects of Confucius listed Yan and Min and divided them into four subjects, which is not what Confucius meant.Confucius said: Those who are virtuous must have words.But can virtue and speech be separated?He also said: To govern with virtue.But can moral administration and affairs be separated?He also said: I am worried about not cultivating virtue and not teaching learning.But can virtue literature be divided?Moreover, Yan Yuan was at the top of his virtues, and he said: Master taught me well.Is it not enough for literature?The second is Min Ziqian, and the master said: Madam, if you don’t say anything, you must have something to say.Is it not enough for words?In the end, he used the Zhongbow, and the master said: "Yong Ye, you can make it to the south."Is it not enough for political affairs?Therefore, the four subjects are not what Confucius meant. three Mr. Yang is a middle-of-the-road person, and he is unwilling to advocate this kind of writing that asks all the way to the end.His habit is to find some extreme examples to prove that this method is feasible, and then use this method for limited use.The use of rhetorical questions in the essay can make the article appear towering and attract readers' attention.However, in his opinion, only one or two sentences should be used for rhetorical questions.Examples like these: It is said in the world that Lord Mengchang was able to win scholars, and the scholars returned because of their reasons, and the soldiers relied on their strength to escape from the Qin Dynasty of tigers and leopards.Sigh!Mengchang Junte cock crowing dog thief's male ear!Is it enough to get a scholar?Wang Anshi However, when it comes to the finished product, one person can hold ten hundred, and in terms of the price obtained, one person can hold two or three, and if the four sides compete to buy the goods, it is regarded as the convenience of reducing ten and one hundred, and it is said that business is not flourishing. Is the people's livelihood rich and prosperous, and is the country not thriving?Xue Fucheng Standing in the position of the group, to see one person in the group, its value must be less than the group of all the people.Sacrificing one can benefit all, so why not do it?If one person contemplates in this way, he has to sacrifice himself to be a member of the group, and if everyone contemplates in this way, he has to sacrifice himself to beg others in the group.Cai Yuanpei Birds and beasts cannot be in the same group, but who will be with me if I am not a member of the Si people?There is a Tao in the world, and Qiu does not agree with Yi.Confucius While looking for these examples, Mr. Yang discovered the situation of self-questioning and self-answering in many papers.Are things difficult or easy in the world?If you do it, what is difficult is also easy; if you don't, what is easy is also difficult.How thick are the customs?It's just what one or two people want.How much?Not much.Why is the son more expensive than the mother?A child is more valuable than a mother, and a mother is more valuable than a son.We were born in that era?We were born in the twentieth century.Do people in the 20th century still believe that incense ash can cure diseases?Our answer is: do not believe.Why are we willing to suffer?Why are we not discouraged?Nothing more than to pursue that bright future.This self-questioning and self-answering method is full of conversational interest, as if the author is willing to invite readers to have a face-to-face conversation.Of course, Mr. Yang is also opposed to using this method of self-questioning and self-answering.In an essay, two or three passages are enough. Mr. Yang believes that he has found another way to write a thesis.Mr. Yang remembered that when he said that the sentences in the essay were some illegal sentences, some students once raised questions, thinking that there were many sentences in the essay that did not conform to the law.Now, he can give a comprehensive answer because of the following reasons: (1) People who write essays need to find some evidence to support their own right and wrong. When describing the evidence, some of the sentences do not need to be illegal. (2) A person who writes an essay sometimes wants to use a short story to inspire readers. When he tells a story, he can temporarily put aside what is illegal. (3) People who write essays sometimes need to use a description to impress readers, and the description does not need to be illegal. (4) People who write essays sometimes use the poet's mouth to speak, and the lines need not be illegal. (5) People who write essays sometimes speak in a rhetorical tone, and it is illegal for rhetorical sentences to be inconsistent.Without these five methods, the dissertation would be thin and dry, unable to give full play to its effectiveness. With these five methods, the skeleton has been hidden in the flesh and blood, and the hair and skin have been properly made up. When it comes to the syntax of rhetorical questions, it is by no means profound and secretive, and the students have already used it.Wu Qiang wrote that they also have their shortcomings, why should they be so proud?Gu Renfeng once wrote: If students are not punished physically, what is the use of canes?Gong Mei once wrote: If you were walking on the road and saw a roll of banknotes on the ground, which was obviously lost by someone else, what would you do?Turn around and walk away?Take it back to your own home?Looking for a way to make the person who lost the money find it again?Rhetorical questioning, using the tone of rhetorical questioning to express affirmative attitude, is originally a skill already in human language.In the past, students used this ability in their essays unconsciously. If they are broken through, they can be used consciously instead of unconsciously.